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PACS 2001 ALPHABETIC INDEX

B
Background radiation (galactic), 98.70.V
Backscattering. See Scattering
Bacteria (seawater), 92.20.P
Bag models, 12.39.B
Balances, 06.30.D
Balance systems, 07.10.L
Ballistics, 45.40.G
Ballistic transport, 73.23.A
Ballooning instability, 52.35.P
Balloons (meteorology), 92.60
Band model of magnetism, 75.10.L
Band structure, 71.20
Barkhausen effect, 75.60.E
Barred spirals (galaxies), 98.52.N
Baryon number, 11.30.F
Baryon resonances, 14.20.G
Baryons
decays, 13.30.E
production, 13.60.R
properties, 14.20
Bathymetry, 91.50.G
Batteries, 84.60.D
BCS theory, 74.20.F
Beach processes (marine geology), 91.50.C
Beam characteristics
accelerators, 29.27.F
low energy beams, 41.85.E
Beam–foil excitation and ionization, 34.50.F
Beam injection
accelerators, 29.27.A
low energy beams, 41.85.A
plasma heating, 52.50.G
Beam optics (charged-particle beams), 41.85
Beam–plasma instabilities, 52.35.Q
Beams
structural acoustics, *43.40.C
structural mechanics, 46.70.D
Beams, charged-particle
in accelerators, 29.27
electron, 41.75.F, H
interactions with plasma, 52.40.M
ion, 41.75.A, C
positron, 41.75.F, H
relativistic electron and positron, 41.75.H
Beams, photon
laser, 42.60
x-ray, 41.50
Beam splitters and deflectors
low energy beams, 41.85.C
optical, 42.79.F
Beam trapping (nonlinear optics), 42.65.J
Bearings, 06.60.V
Bell inequalities, 03.65.U
Bernstein waves, 52.35.H
Berry's phase, 03.65.V
Bessel functions, 02.30.G
Beta Cephei stars, 97.30.D
Beta decay, 23.40
Betatrons, 29.20.F
Bethe–Salpeter equations, 11.10.S
BGK modes (in plasma), 52.35.S
Bibliographies, 01.30.T
Bifurcation
chemical reactions, 82.40.B
hydrodynamic stability, 47.20.K
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45
theory, 02.30.O
Big Bang nucleosynthesis, 26.35
Big Bang theory, 98.80.B
Bilayers, cellular, 87.16.D
Binary stars, 97.80
Binding energy
molecular core, 33.15.R
nuclear, 21.10.D
solids, 71.15.N
Bingham fluids, 83.60.L
Binocular vision, 42.66.S
Bioacoustics, 43.80
biological effects of sound, 87.50.K
Biochemistry, 87.15.R
in nanofabrication, 81.16.F
Bioelectrochemistry, 82.45.T, 87.15.T
Biogeochemical processes, global, 92.70
Biographies, 01.60
Biological effects
of electric fields, 87.50.R
of magnetic fields, 87.50.M
of radiation, 87.50.G, H, J
of sound and ultrasound, 87.50.K
Biological interfaces, 87.68
Biological materials
biomedical engineering, 87.68
rheology of, 83.80.L, 87.19.T
Biological physics
cellular, 87.17
ecology and evolution, 87.23
higher organisms, 87.18
instrumentation, 87.80
spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, 87.64
subcellular, 87.16
theory, general, 87.10
Biological signals
processing, 87.80.T
transduction, 87.16.X
Biological systems, chemical kinetics in, 82.39
Bioluminescent dosimeters, 87.66.S
Biomedical engineering, 87.80
medical imaging equipment, 87.62
radiation therapy equipment, 87.56
Biomembranes
membrane–protein interactions, 87.15.K
subcellular structure and processes, 87.15.K
Biomolecular electronics, 85.65
Biomolecules
NMR of, 82.56.P
radiation and external field effects, 87.50
structure and physical properties, 87.15
on surfaces, 68.47.P
types of, 87.14
Biopolymers, 82.35.P, 87.15.R
Biosensors, 87.80
Biosonic generation, *43.80.K
Biothermics, 87.19.P
Bipolarons
electronic structure of solids, 71.38.M
theory of superconductivity, 74.20.M
Bipolar outflows
external galaxies, 98.58.F
Milky Way, 98.38.F
pre-main-sequence objects, 97.21
Bipolar transistors, 85.30.P
Birefringence
optical fibers, 42.81.G
solids, 78.20.F
wave optics, 42.25.L
Bismuth-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.H
Bistability, optical, 42.65.P
Black-body radiation, 42.72, 44.40
Black holes
astrophysics, 97.60.L
external galaxies, 98.62.J
Milky Way, 98.35.J
physics of, 04.70
Blast waves, *43.28.M
Blazars, 98.54.C
Blood, rheology of, 83.80.L, 87.19.T
Blue phases (liquid crystals), 61.30.M
Blue stars (faint), 97.20.R
Blue stragglers, 97.10.R
Body fluids, 87.19.T
Body movements, physics of, 87.19.S
Bok globules, 97.21
Bolometers
astronomy, 95.55.R
instruments, 07.57.K
Bond angles and bond lengths, 33.15.D, 61.50.L
Bonds, dangling, 61.43
Bond strength, 33.15.F
Bone densitometry
nuclear medicine imaging, 87.58.X
x-ray imaging, 87.59.L
Book reviews, 01.30.V
Books, 01.30
Bootstrap models, 11.55.B, F
Borides
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
Born–Oppenheimer approximation, 31.30
Borocarbides, superconductivity of, 74.70.D
Bose–Einstein condensation, 03.75.F
Bose–Einstein statistics, 05.30
Boson degeneracy (helium?), 67.40
Bosons
gauge, 14.70
Higgs, 14.80.B, C
interacting boson model, 21.60.F
intermediate, decays of, 13.38
Nambu–Goldstone, 14.80.M
Boson systems, 05.30.J
Bottom baryons, 14.20.M
Bottom mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25.H
leptonic decays, 13.20.H
properties, 14.40.N
Boundary element methods, 02.60.L
Boundary layers
laminar, 47.15.C
meteorology, 92.60.F
in plasmas, 52.40.H
sea–air, 92.10.K
turbulence, 47.27.N
Boundary-value problems
in electrostatics, 41.20.C
in magnetostatics, 41.20.G
numerical analysis, 02.60.L
Bound states
field theory, 11.10.S
quantum mechanics, 03.65.G
Brachytherapy, 87.53.J
Bragg reflectors, 42.79.D
Breakdown, electrical
dielectrics, 77.22.J
gases, 51.50
Breeder reactors, 28.50.F
Bremsstrahlung, 03.50, 41.50, 78.70.C
Brillouin scattering
condensed matter, 78.35
molecular spectra, 33.20.F
nonlinear optics, 42.65.E
plasma, 52.38.B
Brillouin zones, 63.20, 71.20
Brittleness, 62.20.M
Broken symmetry phases (nanoscale materials), 73.22.G
Brown dwarfs, 97.20.V
Brownian motion, 05.40.J
in rheology, 83.10.M
Bubble chambers, 29.40
Bubbles
magnetic, 75.70.K
nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55.D
nonlinear acoustics, *43.25.Y
Buckling
fission reactors, 28.41.A
materials treatment effects, 81.40.L
static, 46.32
Buckyballs. see Fullerenes
Bumpy tori, 52.55.H
Buoyancy-driven instability, 47.20.B
Bursts
galactic, 98.62.N
gamma-ray, 98.70.R
solar, 96.60.R
x-ray, 98.70.Q

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C
C15 superconductors, 74.70.A
Cables
electrical, 84.70
fiber-optical, 42.81.Q
superconducting, 84.70
Calculus
operational, 02.30.V
of variations, 02.30.X
Calendars, astronomical, 95.10.K
Calibration, 06.20.F
Calorimeters, 07.20.F
dosimeters (medicine), 87.66.N
nuclear and particle physics, 29.40.V
Cameras, photographic, 07.68
Capacitance measurement, 84.37
Capacitor banks (energy storage), 84.60.V
Capacitors, 84.32.T
Capillary waves
fluid interfaces, 68.03.K
oceanic, 92.10.C
Carbides
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
Carbon, 81.05.U
Carbon dioxide lasers, 42.55.L
Carbon stars, 97.30.H
Cardiac dynamics, 87.19.H
Car–Parrinello method, 71.15.P
CARS, 42.65.D
Cartography, 91.10.D
Catalysis
electrochemistry, 82.45.J
enzymatic, 87.15.R
heterogeneous, 82.65
homogeneous, 82.30.V
in nanotechnology, 81.16.H
Catastrophe theory, 05.45
Cathode-ray tubes, 84.47
Cathodoluminescence, 78.60.H
Causal structure, 04.20.G
Cavitation
acoustics, *43.25.Y, *43.35.E
nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55.B
Cavity resonators
fiber optics, 42.81.Q
integrated optics, 42.82.E
laser, 42.60.D
optical, 42.79.G
Celestial mechanics
astronomy, 95.10.C
classical mechanics, 45.50.P
Cellular structure and processes, 87.17
aggregation, 87.18.E
cellular engineering, 87.80.R
cell walls, 87.16.G
growth and division, 87.17.E
locomotion, 87.17.J
multicellular phenomena, 87.18
pattern formation, 87.18.H
radiation and external field effects, 87.50
subcellular structure and processes, 87.16
Cenozoic period, 91.70.B
Cepheids, 97.30.G
Ceramics
fabrication, 81.05.J, M
piezoelectricity, 77.84.D
Cermets, fabrication of, 81.05.M
Chain reactions, chemical, 82.30.C
Chains, macromolecular and polymer, 36.20.F
Chalcogenides
conductivity, 73.61.G
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.G
photoluminescence, 78.55.E
superconductivity, 74.70.A
Channel flow, 47.60
rheology, 83.50.H
Channeling
in crystals, 61.85
in laser–plasma interactions, 52.38.H
Chaos
acoustics, *43.25.R
applications of, 05.45.G
astronomy, 95.10.F
chemical reactions, 82.40.B
communication using, 05.45.V
control of, 05.45.G
fluid dynamics, 47.52
high-dimensional, 05.45.J
low-dimensional, 05.45.A
nuclear reactions, 24.60.L
numerical simulations, 05.45.P
optical, 42.65.S
plasmas, 52.25.G
rheology, 83.60.W
semiclassical ("quantum"), 05.45.M
superconductivity fluctuations, 74.40
Charge carriers, recombination of
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.J
surfaces, 73.25
thin films, 73.50.G
Charge-coupled devices, 85.60.G
in astronomical instrumentation, 95.55.A
Charged clusters, 36.40.W
Charge-density waves
collective excitations, 71.45.L
one-dimensional conductors, 72.15.N
surface and interface excitations, 73.20.M
Charge distribution (nuclear), 21.10.F
Charged-lepton interactions with hadrons, 13.60
Charged-particle beams
in accelerators, 29.27
beam optics, 41.75, 41.85
sources and detectors, 07.77.K
Charged-particle-induced fission, 25.85.G
Charged-particle spectrometers, 29.27.A
Charged-particle spectroscopy, 29.30.E
Charge-exchange reactions
chemistry, 82.30.F
nuclear physics
2H-induced, 25.45.K
3H-, 3He-, and 4He-induced, 25.55.K
induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.L
low and intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions, 27.70.K
nucleon induced, 25.40.K
pion, 25.80.G
Charge measurement, 84.37
Charge transfer
atomic and molecular collisions, 34.70
chemical reactions, 82.30.F
Charge-transfer complexes (biomolecules), 87.15
Charmed baryons, 14.20.L
Charmed mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25.F
leptonic and semileptonic decays, 13.20.F
properties, 14.40.L
Chemical analysis, 82.80
Chemical beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Chemical bonds, 31.10
biomolecules, 87.15.B
crystals, 61.50.L
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.H
Chemical composition
comets, 96.35.E
Earth's atmosphere, 92.60.H, 94.10.F
Earth's interior, 91.35.L
galaxies, 98.62.B
materials, 81.05, 82.80
planets, 96.35.E
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.D
stars, 97.10.T
Sun, 96.60.F
superconductors, 74.62.B
thin films, 68.55.N
Chemical dosimetry, 87.66.F
Chemical equilibria, 82.60.H
Chemical interdiffusion, 66.30.N
Chemical kinetics, 82.20
biological systems, 82.39
single molecule, 82.37
specific regimes and techniques, 82.40
Chemical lasers, 42.55.K
Chemically reactive flows, 47.70.F
Chemically reactive materials (rheology), 83.50.J
Chemical physics. See 82
Chemical processes (astrophysics), 95.30.F, 98.38.B, 98.58.B
Chemical reactions. See 82
Chemical sensors, 07.07.D
Chemical shift (NMR), 76.60.C
Chemical synthesis, 81.20.K
nanofabrication, 81.16.B
Chemical thermodynamics, 82.60
Chemical vapor deposition, 81.15.G
chemistry of, 82.33.Y
Chemical waves, cellular, 87.18.P
Chemiluminescence, 78.60.P
Chemisorption, 68.43
Chemotaxis, 87.17.J
Cherenkov detectors, 29.40.K
Cherenkov radiation, 41.60.B
Chevrel phases, superconductivity of, 74.70.D
Chirality
biomolecules, 87.15.B
liquid crystals, 61.30
optical activity, 33.55.A, 78.20.E
polymer molecules and macromolecules, 36.20.E
rotational isomerism, 33.15.H
Chiral Lagrangians, 12.39.F
Chiral symmetries, 11.30.R
Chirping, 42.65.R
Chromatography, 82.80.B
Chromodynamics, quantum, 12.38
Chromosomes, 87.16.S
Chromosphere, solar, 96.60.N
Chronometers, 06.30.F
Cilia, 87.16.Q
Circadian rhythms, 87.19J
Circuits
electronic, 07.50.E, 84.30
integrated, 85.40
passive components, 84.32
Circuit theory, 84.30.B
Circulation
atmospheric, 92.60.B
oceanography, 92.10.M
Circumstellar envelopes, 97.10.F
Cladding, optical fibers, 42.81.B
Classical field theory, 03.50
Classical mechanics
continuous media, 83.10.F
discrete systems, 45
Clathrates, 82.75
Clebsch–Gordan coefficients, 03.65, 31.10
Climate dynamics, 92.70.G
Climatology, 92.60.R
Clocks, 06.30.F, 95.55.S
Clouds
atmospheric optics, 42.68.G
interstellar, 98.38.D
meteorology, 92.60.N
planetary atmospheres, 96.35.H
stellar, 97.10.F
Cluster models, nuclear, 21.60.G
Clusters
atomic and molecular, 36.40
formation in chemical reactions, 82.30.N
galaxy, 98.65
reactions in, 82.33.F
reactions on, 82.33.H
reactivity of, 36.40.J
solid
electronic structure, 73.22
structure, 61.46
stellar, 98.20
in zeolites, 82.75.V
Cluster theory, atomic physics, 31.15.D
Coastal oceanography, 92.10.S
Coastal processes, 91.50.C
Coatings
deposition methods, 81.15
optical, 42.79.W
Coercivity (magnetic materials), 75.50.V, 75.60.E
Coherence
in electron scattering, 34.80.P
optical
quantum optics, 42.50.A
wave optics, 42.25.K
Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS), 42.65.D
Coherent radiation, plasma-generated, 52.59.Y
Coherent spectroscopy (femtochemistry), 82.53.K
Cohesive energy, 61.50.L
calculation methods, 71.15.N
Coils, induction, 84.32.H
Cold electron emitters, 85.45.D
Cold working, 81.40.E
Collagen (rheology), 83.80.L
Collective excitations
clusters, 36.40.G
excitons, 71.35.L
multilayers, 73.21.A
nanoscale materials, 73.22.L
nanoscale systems, 73.21
nuclear structure, 21.10.R
one-dimensional conductors, 72.15.N
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.L
superfluid helium?, 67.57.J
superlattices, 73.21.C
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.M
Collective flow, relativistic collisions, 25.75.L
Collective models (nuclear structure), 21.60.E
Collimators
optics, 42.79.A
radiation therapy, 87.53.U
Collisions
atomic and molecular (see 34)
classical mechanics, 45.50.T
elementary particles (see 13)
galaxies, 98.65.F
in plasma, 52.20.H, F
Colloids, 82.70.D
rheology of, 83.80.H
Color centers
absorption spectra, 78.40.F, H
crystal defects, 61.72.J
electron states, 71.55
EPR, 76.30.M
Colorimeters, 07.60.D
Color–magnitude diagrams
galaxies, 98.62.Q
stars, 97.10.Z
Color transparency (QCD in nuclei), 24.85
Color vision, 42.66.N
Colossal magnetoresistance, 75.30.V
Combinatorics, 02.10.A
Combustion
enthalpy, 82.60.C
reaction kinetics, 82.33.V
Combustion synthesis, 81.20.K
Cometary nebulae, 97.21
Comets
interaction with solar wind, 96.50.E
in interplanetary space, 96.50.G
properties of, 96.35
Commensurate–incommensurate transformations, 64.70.R
Communication forms, 01.20
Commutative rings and algebras, 02.10.H
Compact disks, 42.79.V
Compactification (string theory), 11.25.M
Compaction
granular systems, 45.70.C
materials preparation, 81.20.E
Comparators, electronic, 84.30.Q
Compensators (radiotherapy), 87.53.M
Complex systems, 89.75
biological, 82.39.R
chemical, 82.40.Q
granular models of, 45.70.V
Complex variables, 02.30.F
Composite materials
dielectric, piezo-, and ferroelectric, 77.84.L
electrical conductivity, 72.80.T
fabrication, 81.05.M, N, P, Q
optical properties of thin films, 78.66.S
rheology, 83.80.A
Composite particle models, 12.60.R
Compressibility
gases, 51.35
liquids, 62.10
solids, 62.20.F, 81.40.L
Compressible flows, 47.40
Compressional waves
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.D
Compression molding, 83.50.U
Compressors, electronic, 84.30.Q
Compton scattering
atoms, 32.80.C
bulk matter, 78.70
by hadrons, 13.60.F
Computational techniques
classical mechanics, 45.10
continuum mechanics, 46.15
electronic structure
atoms and molecules, 31.15
solids, 71.15.D
mathematics, 02.70
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10
Computer-aided design
electronics, 84.30.B
microelectronics, 85.40.B
Computer hardware, 07.05.B
Computer interfaces, 07.05.W
nuclear physics, 29.50
Computerized tomography, 87.59.F
Computer languages, 07.05.B
Computer modeling and simulation, 07.05.T
astronomy, 95.75.P
biological physics, 87.15.A, 87.16.A, 87.17.A, 87.18.B
chaotic models, 05.45.P
chemical kinetics, 82.20.W
disordered solids, 61.43.B
impact phenomena, solids, 79.20.A
integrated circuits fabrication, 85.40.B
liquid structure, 61.20.J
magnetic critical points, 75.40.M
medical and biological techniques, 87.64.A
optical properties, 78.20.B
plasma, 52.65
radiotherapy, 87.53.V
rheology, 83.10.R, 83.85.P
Computers
in acoustics, *43.55.K, *43.58.T
as educational aids, 01.50.H
in experimental physics, 07.05
laboratory use, 01.50.L
optical, 42.79.T
Computer science and technology, 89.20.F
Computer vision, 42.30.T
Concentrators, solar, 42.79.E
Condensation
fluid–fluid interfaces, 68.03.F
liquid–vapor transitions, 64.70.F
nucleation, 64.60.Q
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.N
Condensed matter. See 60
Conducting polymers
electrical conductivity of, 72.80.L
reactions of, 82.35.C
thin films, electrical properties of, 73.61.P
Conductors, electrical, 84.32.F
Conduits, flow through, 47.60
Conferences
announcements, 01.10.F
acoustics, *43.10.C
proceedings, 01.30.C
Configuration interaction calculations, 31.25
Confined flow, 47.60
Confocal microscopy (biophysics), 87.64.T
Conformal field theory, 11.25.H
Conformal radiation treatment, 87.53.K
Conformation, molecular, 33.15.B
barrier heights, 33.15.H
biomolecules, 87.15.H
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
Conservation laws (fields and particles), 11.30
Constants, fundamental, 06.20.J
Constitutive relations (rheology), 83.10.G
Contact resistance and potential, 73.40.C
Contacts
III–V semiconductor–to–semiconductor, 73.40.K
II–VI semiconductor–to–semiconductor, 73.40.L
integrated electronics, 85.40.L
mechanical, 46.55
metal–nonmetal, 73.40.N
metal–to–metal, 73.40.J
semiconductor–electrolyte, 73.40.M
superconducting, 74.80.F
Continental crust seismology, 91.30.V
Continental margins, 91.45.C
Continents, 93.30
drift of, 91.45.D
Continuum mechanics, 46
rheology, 83.10.F
Control devices, 07.07.T
Control theory, 02.30.Y
Convection
aeronomy, 94.10.L
astrophysics, 95.30.T
forced, 44.27
ionosphere, 94.20.W
magnetosphere, 94.30.F
meteorology, 92.60.E
natural, 44.25
turbulent flows, 47.27.T
Convection currents (plate tectonics), 91.45.F
Convergent-beam electron diffraction, 61.14.L
Convex sets, 02.40.F
Cooling
atoms, ions, and molecules, 32.80.P, 33.80.P
cryogenic, 07.20.M
magnetic, 75.30.S
Cooling flows (galaxy clusters), 98.65.H
Copolymers
rheology, 83.80.U
structure and phase transitions, 82.35.J
Coriolis effects
molecules (vibration/rotation), 33.20.V
oceans, 92.10.E
Corona
mass ejection, 96.60.W
solar, 96.60.P
stellar, 97.10.E
Corona discharges, 52.80.H
Correlations
collective effects, 71.45.G
in electron scattering, 34.80.P
in nuclear electromagnetic transitions, 23.20.E
Corrosion fatigue, 81.40.N
Corrosion protection, 81.65.K
Cosmic censorship, 04.20.D
Cosmic dust
in Earth's atmosphere, 94.10.N
external galaxies, 98.58.C
Milky Way, 98.38.C
Cosmic rays, 96.40
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
high-energy interactions, 13.85.T
nucleosynthesis, 24.60
sources, galactic and extragalactic, 98.70.S
Cosmic strings, 11.27, 98.80.C
Cosmogony, 96.10
Cosmological constant, 98.80.E
Cosmology, 98.80
Cosmotrons, 29.20.L
Cottrell atmospheres, 61.72.L
Couette flow, 47.15
Coulomb blockade, 73.23.H
Coulomb energies (nuclear levels), 21.10.S
Coulomb excitation (heavy-ion collisions), 25.70.D
Coupled-channel methods (nuclear reactions), 24.10.E
Coupled cluster theory, 31.15.D
Coupled map lattices, 05.45.R
CP invariance, 11.30.E
CPT invariance, 11.30.E
Cracks
detection, 81.70
healing, 83.60.U
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
structural mechanics, 46.50
Cranking model, 21.60.C, E
Cratering (Moon), 96.20.K
Creep
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.L
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.H
Creeping flows, 47.15.G
Critical currents (superconductivity), 74.60.J
Critical exponents, 64.60.F
magnetism, 75.40.C
Critical fields (superconductivity), 74.60.E
Criticality, self-organized, 05.65
Critical phenomena. See 64
magnetism, 75.40
physical chemistry, 82.60
at surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.R
thermodynamics, 05.70.J
Cross sections
chemical reactions, 82.20.P
electron scattering
atoms and molecules, 34.80
conductivity, 72.10
hadrons
high-energy interactions, 13.85.L
with photons and charged leptons, 13.60.H
photon–atom interactions, 32.80.C
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.D
scattering of atoms and molecules, 34.50
Crustal movements, 91.10.K
Cryogenics
instrumentation, 07.20.M
therapy, 87.54.B
Cryptography, quantum, 03.67.D
Crystal binding, 61.50.L
Crystal defects, 61.72
Crystal fields
level splitting, 71.70.C
in magnetic ordering, 75.10.D
Crystal growth, 81.10
Crystallization
amorphous materials, 61.43
macromolecules, 87.15.N
phase transitions, 64.70.D, 81.30.H
Crystallographic databases, 61.68
Crystallography. See 61
Crystals
impurities, 61.72.S
liquid, structure of, 61.30
microstructure, 61.72
materials treatment effects on, 81.40
morphology and orientation, 81.10.A
nonlinear optical, 42.70.M
phase diagrams, 81.30
purification, 81.10
quantum, 67.80
Crystal structure
alloys, 61.66.D
elemental solids, 61.66.B
inorganic compounds, 61.66.F
minerals, 91.60.E
organic compounds, 61.66.H
superconductors, 74.62.B
surfaces, 68.35.B
theory, 61.50.A
Crystal symmetry, 61.50.A
Cuprates (superconductors), 74.72, 74.76
Curie point
ferroelectric, 77.80.B
magnetic, 75.30.K, 75.40
Current drive plasma heating, 52.50.G
Current driver (magnetic confinement), 52.55.W
Currents
critical (superconductivity), 74.60.J
marine geology, 91.50.J
theory of fields and particles, 11.40
Curriculum (physics education), 01.40.G
Curvature measurement, 06.30.B
Cusps, 52.55.L
Cyclotron resonance, 76.40
Cyclotrons, 29.20.H

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D
Dark matter, 95.35
Data acquisition, 07.05.H
Databases
astronomy, 95.80
crystallography, 61.68
Data management, 07.05.K
Data visualization, algorithms for, 07.05.R
Debye temperature, 63.70
Debye–Waller factor, 61.10, 63.70
Decay
baryons, 13.30
electromagnetic, 13.40.H
heavy neutrinos, 13.35.H
intermediate bosons, 13.38
mesons
hadronic, 13.25
leptonic and semileptonic, 13.20
muons, 13.35.B
by proton emission, 23.50
radioactive (see 23)
taus, 13.35.D
Decision theory, 02.50.L
Decoherence (quantum mechanics), 03.65.X
Decomposition reactions, 82.30.L
Deep energy levels, 71.55
Defect levels
bulk matter, 71.55
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.H
Defects, crystal, 61.72
absorption spectra, 78.40
determination by diffraction and scattering, 61.72.D
diffusion, 66.30.L
direct observations, 61.72.D
EPR, 76.30.M
formation and annealing, 61.72.C
gettering effect, 61.72.Y
indirect evidence, 61.72.H
liquid crystals, 61.30.J, M
quantum crystals, 67.80.M
quantum tunneling, 66.35
scattering by (electronic transport), 72.10.F
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.D
superconductors, 74.62.D
thin films, 68.55.L
Deflectors (optical devices), 42.79.F
Deformation
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.L
kinematics of, 83.10.B
material flow, 83.50
mathematical aspects, 46.25.C
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.F
Degasification, 07.30.B
de Haas–van Alphen effect, 71.18
Delay equations, in function theory, 02.30.K
Delocalization (surface electron states), 73.20.J
Demodulators, 84.30.Q
Demographics, 89.65.C
Demonstration experiments and apparatus, 01.50.M
Demultiplexers, 42.79.S
Dendrites, 68.70
Dense plasma focus, 52.59.H
Density
changes of, 65.40.D
measurement of, 06.30.D
Density-functional theory
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.E
condensed matter, 71.15.M
Depolarization effects (dielectrics), 77.22
Deposition
films and coatings, 81.15
integrated circuits, 85.40.S
Depth profiling, 61.72.S, 81.70.J
Design of experiments (computers), 07.05.F
Desorption
electron-stimulated, 68.43.R, 79.20.L
field induced, 79.70
kinetics, 68.43.M
photon-stimulated, 68.43.T, 79.20.L
thermal, 68.43.V
Detectors
bolometers, 07.57.K, 95.55.R
Cherenkov, 29.40.K
for elementary-particle and nuclear physics, 29.40
infrared, 07.57.K, 85.25.P, 85.60.G
microwave, 07.57.K
optical, 42.79.P
radiowave, 07.57.K
scintillation, 29.40.M
solid-state, 29.40.W
submillimeter wave, 07.57.K, 85.25.P
tracking and position-sensitive, 29.40.G
x-ray, 07.85.F
Detonation
chemical reactions, 82.33.V
fluid dynamics, 47.40
seismology, 91.30.R
Deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45
Deuterons, 27.10
Diamagnetic resonance, 76.40
Diamagnetism, 75.20
gases, 51.60
Diamond, 81.05.U
Diamond anvil cells, 07.35
Diaphanography, 87.63.L
Diaphragms, optical, 42.79.A
Diatomic molecules, electron correlation in, 31.25.N
Dibaryons, 14.20.P
Dichroism
materials, 78.20.F
molecules, 33.55
Dictionaries, 01.30.K
Dielectric breakdown, 77.22.J
Dielectric constant, complex, 78.20.C
Dielectric devices, 85.50
Dielectric function, 77.22.C
collective excitations, 71.45.G
Dielectric loss and relaxation, 77.22.G
Dielectric materials, 77.84
thin films, 77.55
Dielectric properties
gases, 51.70
plasma, 52.25.M
related to treatment conditions, 81.40.T
solids and liquids, 77.22
Differential equations
numerical approximation and analysis, 02.60.L
ordinary, 02.30.H
partial, 02.30.J
Differential geometry, 02.40
Differential thermal analysis (DTA), 81.70.P
Diffraction
acoustical, *43.20.F, *43.25.J
ultrasound, *43.35.B, C
electron, 61.14
neutron, 61.12
optical, 42.25.F
x-ray, 61.10
Diffraction gratings
holographical, 42.40.E
optical, 42.79.D
Diffractometers
electron, 07.78
x-ray, 07.85.J
Diffusion
adsorbates, 68.43.J
in atmosphere, 92.60.E, 94.10.L
biomolecules, 87.15.V
clusters, 36.40.S
in gases, 51.20
in liquids, 66.10.C
momentum transport, 66.20
in nanoscale solids, 66.30.P
neutron, 28.20.G
nuclear magnetic resonance, 82.56.L
in ocean, 92.10.L
in quantum crystals, 67.80.M
in solids, 66.30
at solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.F
spin, 75.40.G
turbulent, 47.27.Q
Diffusion-limited aggregation, 61.43.H
Digital circuits, 84.30.S
Digital imaging
astronomy, 95.75.T
image processing algorithms, 07.05.P
nuclear medicine, 87.58.M
radiography, 87.59.H
Diode lasers, 42.55.P
Diode-pumped lasers, 42.55.X
Diodes
high-voltage, 52.59.M
junction, 85.30.K
light-emitting, 85.60.J
plasma, 52.75.F
Dirac equation, 03.65.P
Dirty superconductors, 74.80.B
Disasters, natural and man-made, 89.60.G
Discharges, electric, 52.80
Disclinations
crystals, 61.72.L
liquid crystals, 61.30.J
Discriminators, electronic, 84.30.Q
Diseases, 87.19.X
Disk galaxies, 98.52.N
Dislocations
direct observation, 61.72.F
indirect evidence, 61.72.H
theory, 61.72.B
thin films, 68.55.L
Disordered solids
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.P
electrical conductivity, 72.80.N
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.L
localization in, 71.55.J
photoemission, 79.60.H
structure, 61.43
superconductivity, 74.80.B
vibrational states, 63.50
Dispersion hardening, 81.40.C
Dispersion-reinforced composites, 81.05.N
Dispersion relations
optical, 42.25.B, 78.20.C
phonons, 63.20.D
plasma waves, 52.35
S-matrix theory, 11.55.F
Dispersions
physical chemistry, 82.70
rheology of, 83.80.H
Displacement measurement, 06.30.B
Displacive phase transitions, 63.70
Display devices
general instrumentation, 07.07.H
optical, 42.79.K
optoelectronic, 85.60.P
Dissociation
chemical reactions, 82.30.L
photochemical, 82.50
molecular
diffuse spectra, 33.80.G
by electron impact, 34.80.H
energy of, 33.15.F
single molecule, 82.37.N
Distance measurement, 06.30.B
Distorted-wave approximation (nuclear reactions), 24.10.E
Distributed-feedback lasers, 42.55
Distribution theory, 02.50.N
Divertors, 28.52.L, 52.55.R
DNA, 87.14.G
chemical kinetics, 82.39.P
Domain structure
ferroelectric materials, 77.80.D
magnetic films, 75.70.K
magnetic materials, 75.60.C
Domain walls
cosmology, 98.80.C
field theory, 11.27
Doped-insulator lasers, 42.55.R
Doping
germanium and silicon, 61.72.T
III–V and II–VI semiconductors, 61.72.V
integrated circuits technology, 85.40.R
profiles, 61.72.S, 81.70.J
superconductors, 74.62.D
thin films, 68.55.L
Doppler effect (atmospheric acoustics), *43.28.P
Dose–volume analysis, 87.53.T
Dosimetry
electron and positron, 87.53.F, H
neutron and proton, 87.53.P, Q
photon, 87.53.B, D
Double nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR)
condensed matter, 76.70.F
molecules, 33.40
Double-plasma devices, 52.75.X
Drag reduction (rheology), 83.60.Y
D region, ionosphere, 94.20.E
Drell–Yan process, 13.85.Q
Drift waves (plasma), 52.35.K
Dual energy absorptiometry (medical imaging), 87.59.B
Duality, strong interactions, 12.40.N
Ductility, 62.20.F
Ducts
flows in, 47.60
sound propagation in, *43.20.M, *43.28.P, *43.55.R
Dust processes (astrophysics), 95.30.W
Dusty plasmas, 52.27.L
Dwarf galaxies, 98.52.W, 98.56.W
elliptical, 98.52.P
Dwarf novae, 97.30.Q
Dwarf stars, 97.20
Dye lasers, 42.55.M
Dynamical systems
linear, 45.30
nonlinear, 05.45
Dynamic loading, 83.50
Dynamic mechanical analysis (rheology), 83.85.V
Dynamic phases, 03.65.V
Dynamometers, 07.10.P

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E
Ear, 43.64
Early Universe, 98.80.C
Earth
crust movement, vertical, 91.45.P
interior structure and properties, 91.35
magnetic field, 91.25
Earthquakes, 91.30.P
Earth satellites, artificial, 95.40
Echelles, 42.79.D
Eclipses, 95.10.G
Ecology, 87.23
Economics, 89.65.G
ECR plasma heating, 52.50.S
Eddy-current testing, 81.70.E
Education, 01.40
Educational aids, 01.50
Effective mass, 71.18
Eikonal approximation, 11.80.F
Einstein equation, general relativity, 04.20
Einstein–Maxwell spacetime, 04.40.N
Elastic constants, 62.20.D
Elastic deformation
materials treatment effects, 81.40.J
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.F
Elasticity
rocks and minerals, 91.60.B
solids, 62.20.D
static, 46.25
superconductors, 74.25.L
Elastic scattering
of atoms and molecules, 34.50
deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45.D
of electrons by atoms and molecules, 34.80.B
hadron-induced, 13.85.D
heavy-ion reactions, 25.70.B
lepton-induced reactions, 25.30.B
meson-induced reactions, 25.80.D
nucleon-induced reactions, 25.40.C, D
of photons and leptons by hadrons, 13.60.F
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.B
triton-,3He-, and 4He-induced reactions, 25.55.C
Elastic structures, acoustic scattering, *43.40.F
Elastic waves
linear acoustics, *43.20.G, *43.20.J
rheology, 83.60.U
solids, 62.30
Elastomeric polymers, 83.80.V
Elastomers
rheology, 83.80.V, W
structure, 61.41
Elastooptical effects, 78.20.H
Electrets, 77.22
Electrical components, 07.50, 84.32
Electrical conductivity
Earth, 91.25.Q
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.R
metals and alloys
amorphous and liquid, 72.15.C
crystalline, 72.15.E
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20
mixed conductivity, 72.60
specific, 72.80
superconductors, 74.25.F
surfaces, 73.25
thin films, 73.50
specific, 73.61
Electrical devices. See 85
Electrical impedance tomography, 87.63.P
Electrical instruments, 07.50
Electrical noise, 07.50.H
Electrical phenomena in gases, 51.50
Electrical sensors, 07.07.D
Electrical shielding, 07.50.H
Electric breakdown, 51.50, 52.80, 77.22.J
Electric charge, 41.20.C, 84.37
Electric current measurement, 84.37
Electric discharges, 52.80
Electric fields
biological physics, 87.50.R
effects on liquid crystal structure, 61.30.G
effects on material flows, 83.60.N
electromagnetism, 41.20
electrotherapy, 87.54.D
galactic, 98.62.E
ionosphere, 94.20.S
magnetosphere, 94.30.K
measurement, 84.37
Milky Way, 95.35.E
planetary, 96.35.P
solar, 96.60.H
stellar, 97.10.L
Electric impedance measurement, 84.37
Electric moments
atoms, 32.10.D
hadrons, 13.40.E
molecules, 33.15.K
Electric motors, 84.50
Electric variable measurements, 84.37
Electroacoustic transducers, *43.38.B, D, F
Electrocaloric effects, 77.70
Electrochemical analysis, 82.80.F
Electrochemical cells, 84.50.D
Electrochemical devices, 85.80.D
Electrochemical energy conversion, 84.60.D
Electrochemistry, 82.45
bioelectrochemistry, 82.45.T, 87.15.T
electrodeposition and electrodissolution, 82.45.Q
thin films, monolayers, 82.45.M
Electrochromic devices, 85.60.P
Electrochromism, 78.20.J
Electrode kinetics, 82.45.F
Electrodeposition
electrochemistry of, 82.45.Q
methods of film deposition, 81.15.P
Electrodynamics
classical, 03.50.D
quantum, 12.20
Electroelasticity, 46.25.H
Electrogasdynamic energy conversion, 84.60.R
Electrohydrodynamics, 47.65
Electroluminescence, 78.60.F
Electrolysis, 82.45
Electrolytes, structure of, 61.20.Q
Electromagnetic decay, 13.40.H
Electromagnetic fields, 41.20
Electromagnetic interactions, 13.40
electroweak, 12.15
leptons, 13.10
unified field theories, 12.10
Electromagnetic mass differences, 13.40.D
Electromagnetic moments, nuclear, 21.10.K
Electromagnetic radiation
interaction with plasma, 52.40.D
from moving charges, 41.60
solar, 96.60.T
Electromagnetic testing, 81.70.E
Electromagnetic waves
atmospheric optics, 42.68.A
ionosphere, 94.20.B, R
magnetosphere, 94.30.T
meteorology, 92.60.T
microwaves, 84.40
in plasma, 52.35.H
radiowaves, 41.20.J, 84.40
theory, 41.20.J
wave optics, 42.25.B
Electromagnetism. See 41
Electromechanical resonance, 77.65
Electrometers, 07.50.L
Electromigration, 66.30.Q
Electron affinity
atoms, 32.10.H
molecules, 33.15.R
Electron–atom collisions
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
excitation and ionization, 34.80.D
Electron attachment, 34.80.H, L
Electron beam annealing, 81.40.E
Electron beam-assisted deposition, 81.15.J
Electron beam deposition, 81.15.E
Electron beam effects, 61.80.F
Electron beam induced current (EBIC), 68.37.H
Electron beam lithography, 85.40.H
Electron beams
in medicine
dosimetry, 87.53.F, 87.53.H
safety, 87.52.D
nonrelativistic, 41.75.F
polarized (atomic and molecular scattering), 34.80.N
relativistic, 41.75.H
Electron capture (nuclear physics), 23.40
Electron correlation calculations, 31.25
Electron-cyclotron waves (plasma), 52.35.H, Q
Electron density of states
crystalline solids, 71.20
disordered solids, 71.23
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20
Electron diffraction
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.B
crystallography, 61.14
Electron diffractometers, 07.78
Electron dosimetry, 87.53.F, H
Electron double resonance (ELDOR)
condensed matter, 76.70.D
molecules, 33.40
Electron emission
Auger, 79.20.F
secondary, 79.20.H
surface collisions, 34.50.D
Electron energy loss spectroscopy, 79.20.U
Electron gas
quantum statistical mechanics, 05.30.F
theories and models, 71.10.C
two-dimensional, 73.20
Electron–hadron scattering, 13.60
Electron–hole drops and plasma, 71.35.E
Electron holography, 61.14.N
Electronic circuits, 07.50.E, 84.30
microelectronics, 85.40
microwave, 84.40.D
integrated, 84.40.L
passive components, 84.32
Electronic devices. See 85
Electronic excitation and ionization
atoms, 34.50.F
molecules, 34.50.G
Electronic publications, 01.30.X
Electronic structure
atomic and molecular clusters, 36.40.C
atoms, molecules, and ions
calculations of, 31.15
corrections to, 31.30
interaction effects on, 31.70
theory of, 31.10
biomolecules, 87.15.M
condensed matter
calculation methods, 71.15
crystalline solids, 71.20
disordered solids, 71.23
liquid metals and semiconductors, 71.22
nanoscale materials, 73.22
theories and models, 71.10
macromolecules and polymer molecules, 36.20.K
superconductors, 74.25.J
surfaces, interfaces, and thin films (see 73)
Electronic transport
bulk matter (see 72)
interface structures, 73.40
mesoscopic and nanoscale systems, 73.63
thin films, 73.50, 73.61
Electron-induced nuclear reactions, 25.30
Electron–ion scattering
excitation and ionization, 34.80.K
recombination and electron attachment, 34.80.L
Electron magnetohydrodynamics, 52.30.C
Electron microscopes, 07.78
Electron microscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.E
dislocations and other crystal defects, 61.72.F
structure determination (see 68.37)
Electron–molecule collisions
dissociation, 34.80.H
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
excitation and ionization, 34.80.G
Electron optics, 41.85
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
biophysics, 87.64.H
condensed matter, 76.30
defect structure determination, 61.72.H
molecules, 33.35
Electron phase diagrams, 71.10.H
Electron–phonon interactions
electronic structure of solids, 71.38
electronic transport, 72.10.D
lattice dynamics, 63.20.K
in lattices, 63.20.K
Electron–positron collisions, hadron production by, 13.65
Electron–positron plasmas, 52.27.E
Electron probe analysis, 81.70.J
Electrons, properties of, 14.60.C
Electron scattering, 34.80
atoms and molecules
elastic scattering, 34.80.B
inelastic scattering, 34.80.D, G, H
in nuclear reactions
elastic, 25.30.B
inelastic, 25.30.D, F
spin arrangement determination, 75.25
from surfaces, 68.49.J
Electron solids, 73.20.Q
Electron sources, 07.77.K
in nuclear physics, 29.25.B
Electron spectrometers, 07.81
Electron spectroscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.L
chemical analysis, 82.80.P
nuclear and particle physics, 29.30.D
Electron stimulated desorption, 68.43.R, 79.20.L
Electron tubes, 84.47
Electrooptical effects
condensed matter, 78.20.J
molecules, 33.55
Electroosmosis, in biological systems, 82.39.W
Electrophoresis
biomolecular, 87.15.T
electrochemistry, 82.45
Electrophotography, 07.68
Electrophysiology
auditory system, *43.64.N, P
central nervous system, *43.64.Q
higher organisms, 87.19.N
nerve cells, 87.17.N
Electroplating, 81.15.P
Electroproduction reactions, nuclear, 25.30.R
Electrorheological fluids, 83.80.G
Electrostatic accelerators, 29.17
Electrostatic lenses, 41.85.N
Electrostatics, 41.20.C
Electrostatic waves
magnetosphere, 94.30.T
plasma, 52.35.F
Electrostriction, 77.65
Electrotherapy, 87.54.D
Electroweak interactions, 12.15
extensions of gauge sector, 12.60.C
extensions of Higgs sector, 12.60.F
nuclear tests of electroweak models, 24.80
in unified field theories, 12.10.D
Elemental abundances and evolution, 98.80.F
Elemental solids
crystal structure, 61.66.B
dielectric properties, 77.84.B
Elementary particles. See 10
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
astrophysics, 95.30.C
Elementary school science education, 01.40.E
Ellipsometers, 07.60.F
Elliptical galaxies, 98.52.E, 98.56.E
El Nino, 92.10.G
Embrittlement, 81.40.N
EMC effect (muon scattering), 25.30.M
Emission
of electromagnetic radiation in plasmas, 52.25.O
of particles in plasmas, 52.25.T
Emission spectra
atoms, 32.30, 32.50
condensed matter, 78.55, 78.60
molecules, 33.20, 33.50
Emissivity, optical, 78.20.C
Emulsions, 82.70.K
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
nuclear, 29.40.R
photographic, 07.68
rheological properties, 83.80.I
ENDOR
condensed matter, 76.70.D
molecules, 33.40
Energy conversion, direct, 84.60
Energy extraction from ocean, 92.20.G
Energy generation, nuclear astrophysics, 95.30
Energy losses
atom and molecule scattering, 34.50.B
particles in condensed matter, 61.85
Energy resources, 89.30
direct energy conversion, 84.60
Energy storage, 84.60
Energy transfer
intramolecular, 34.30
LET (medical physics), 87.52.D, G, L
rotational and vibrational, 34.50.E
state-to-state (chemical reactions), 82.20.R
Engineering, 89.20.K
Ensemble theory
classical, 05.20.G
quantum, 05.30.C
Enthalpy, 05.70.C, 51.30, 65.40.G, 82.60
Entropy, 05.70, 65.40.G
Environmental effects
on instruments, 07.89
of natural and man-made disasters, 89.60.G
Environmental pollution measurements
air pollution, 92.60.S
instruments for, 07.88
water pollution, 92.40.Q
Environmental regulations, 89.60.F
Environmental safety, 89.60.E
Enzymatic catalysis, 87.15.R
Ephemerides, 95.10.K
Epitaxy, 68.55.A, 81.15
Epoxy resins, 83.80
EPR paradox, 03.65.U
Equations of state
gases, 51.30
general theory, 05.70.C, 64.10
rock formation, 91.60.F
specific substances, 64.30
Equilibrium constants, 82.60.H
E region, ionosphere, 94.20.G
Erosion (geophysics), 92.40.G
Errata, 99.10
Error theory, 06.20.D
Eruptions, 91.40.F
ESCA, 82.80.P
Estuarine oceanography, 92.10.S
Etalons, 42.79.B
Etching, 81.65.C
Etch pits, 61.72.F
Euclidean field theory, 11.10.C
Euclidean geometries, 02.40.D
Europe, 93.30.G
Eutectic structure, 81.30
Evaporation
black holes, 04.70.D
field-induced, 79.70
film deposition, 81.15.E
fluid surfaces, 68.03.F
hydrology, 92.40.J
water in atmosphere, 92.60.J
Evolution, biological, 87.23
EXAFS
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.F
condensed matter, 61.10.H
Exchange interactions
energy-level splitting, 71.70.G
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.E
Exchange reactions, chemical, 82.30.H
Excimer lasers, 42.55.L
Excited states
atomic and molecular, 31.50.D
electron correlation in, 31.25.J
Rydberg states
atoms, 32.80.R
molecules, 33.80.R
scattering in, 34.60
solids
electronic structure calculations, 71.15.Q
model systems, 71.10.L
Excitons, 71.35
Exoelectron emission, 79.75
Exosphere, 94.10
Exotic atoms and molecules, 36.10
Exploding wires, 52.80.Q
Explosions
chemical reactions, 82.33.V
compressible flows, 47.40
electric discharges, 52.80.Q
nuclear, 28.70
seismology, 91.30.R
underwater, *43.30.L
Extensional flows
deformation, 83.50.J
measurement of, 83.85.R
Extinction coefficients, optical, 78.20.C
Extranuclear effects, 23.20.N
Extrasolar planets, 97.82
Extrudate swell, 83.60.J
Extrusion, 81.20.H
Eye, 42.66

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F
Fabry–Perot interferometer, 07.60.L
Faculae, 96.60.Q
Faddeev equation, 11.80.J
Failure analysis, integrated circuits, 85.40.Q
Familons, 14.80.M
Faraday cups, 41.85.Q
Faraday effect, 33.55.A, 78.20.L
Fatigue
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.N
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
structural mechanics, 46.50
Faults, plate tectonics, 91.45.V
Femtosecond techniques, 06.60.J
chemistry, 82.53
condensed matter, 78.47
nonlinear optics, 42.65.R
Fermi–Dirac statistics, 05.30
Fermi gas, 71.10.C
Fermi liquid
marginal, 74.20.M
theory, 71.10.A
Fermions
composite, 71.10.P
statistical mechanics, 05.30.F
Fermi surfaces, 71.18
Ferrimagnetic resonance, 76.50
Ferrimagnetics, 75.50.G
Ferrite devices, 85.70.G
Ferrites, 75.50.G
Ferroelasticity, 62.20.D
Ferroelectric devices, 85.50
Ferroelectricity, 77.80
Ferroelectric materials, 77.84
Ferroelectric memories, 85.50.G
Ferromagnetic materials
iron and its alloys, 75.50.B
metals other than iron, 75.50.C
nonmetals, 75.50.D
Ferromagnetic resonance, 76.50
Few-body systems, 21.45
Fiber gyros, 42.81.P
Fiber lasers, 42.55.W
Fiber-optic instruments, 07.60.V
Fiber optics, 42.81
Fiber-optic sensors, 42.81.P
Fiber-reinforced composites, 81.05.N
Fibers, synthetic and natural, 81.05.L
Field desorption, 79.70
Field effect transistors, 85.30.T
spin polarized, 85.75.H
Field emission, 79.70
Field-emission displays, 85.45.F
Field-emission microscopy, 68.37.V
Field emitters and arrays, 85.45.D
Field ionization, 79.70
Field-ion microscopy, 68.37.V
Field theory, 11.10
classical, 03.50
gauge, 11.15
quantized fields, 03.70
unified, 04.50, 12.10
Figure of merit, 84.60.B
Filamentation, in plasma, 52.38.H
Filaments, cellular, 87.16.K
Films
educational aids, 01.50.F
radiation measurement, 87.66.C
Filters
electronic, 84.30.V
optical, 42.79.C
Financial markets, 89.65.G
Fine structure
atoms, 32.10.F
molecules, 33.15.P
Finite difference methods, 02.70.B
in atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.F
Finite element analysis, 02.70.D
First sound (quantum fluids), 67.40.M
Fission–fusion reactions, 25.70.J
Fission reactions, 25.85
Fission reactors
design and components, 28.41
types of, 28.50
Flagella, 87.16.Q
Flames, reactions in, 82.33.V
Flare stars, 97.30.N
Flavor symmetries, 11.30.H
Flow computation
fluid dynamics, 47.11
rheology, 83.85.P
Flow control, 47.62
Flow instabilities
in fluid dynamics, 47.20
in rheology, 83.60.W
Flowmeters, 47.80
Fluctuation phenomena
biomolecules, 87.15.Y
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.M
nuclear reactions, 24.60.K
plasma, 52.25.G
quantum optics, 42.50.L
statistical physics, 05.40
superconductors, 74.40
Fluid dynamics. See 47
Fluid equation (plasma simulation), 52.65.K
Fluid flow
buoyant, 47.32
compressible, 47.40
in ducts, channels, and conduits, 47.60
flow control, 47.62
instruments, 47.80
laminar, 47.15
nonhomogeneous, 47.55
non-Newtonian, 47.50
quantum fluids, 67.40.H
rarefied gas dynamics, 47.45
reactive, radiative and nonequilibrium, 47.70
relativistic, 47.75
rotational, 47.32
through porous media, 47.55.M
Fluid–fluid interfaces, 68.03
Fluidics, 47.85.N
Fluid mechanics, applied, 47.85
Fluids
mechanical properties, 47.17
quantum (see 67)
statistical mechanics, 05.20.J
Fluorescence
atoms, 32.50
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.N
condensed matter, 78.55
molecules, 33.50.D
x-ray, 78.70.E
Fluoroscopy, 87.59.C
Flute instability, 52.35.P
Flux-line lattices, 74.60.G
Flux pinning and creep, 74.60.G
Foams, 82.70.R
rheology, 83.80.I
Fog
atmospheric optics, 42.68.G
meteorology, 92.60.J
Fokker–Planck equation
kinetic theory of gases, 51.10
plasma simulation, 52.65.F
statistical physics, 05.10.G
Folding (biomolecules), 87.15.C
Folds, tectonic, 91.45.T
Food, rheology of, 83.80.L
Forced convection, 44.27
Forces
interatomic, 34.20.C
intermolecular, 34.20.G
measurement of, 07.10.P
nuclear, 21.30
Formation heat, 82.60.C
Form factors
electromagnetic, 13.40.G
photon–atom interactions, 32.80.C
Forming, 81.20.H
Fossil fuels, 89.30.A
Fourier analysis, 02.30.N
Fourier optics, 42.30.K
Fourier transform spectra, 32.20, 33.30
Four-wave mixing, 42.65.H, K
Fractals
fluid dynamics, 47.53
nonlinear dynamics, 05.45.D
phase transitions, 64.60.A
structure of disordered solids, 61.43.H
Fractional quantum Hall effect, 73.43
Fractional statistics systems, 05.30.P
Fracture
continuum mechanics of solids, 46.50
effects of materials treatments, 81.40.N
mechanical properties of solids, 62.20.M
plate tectonics, 91.45.V
rheology, 83.60.U
rock mechanics, 91.60.B
Fragmentation (nuclear reactions), 25.70.M, P
Franck–Condon factors, 33.70.C
Free-electron devices, 52.59.R
Free-electron lasers, 41.60.C
Free energy, 05.70.C, 51.30, 65.40.G
Free-induction decay (quantum optics), 42.50.M
Free molecular flows, 47.45.D
Free radicals
chemical reactions, 82.30.C
EPR of, 76.30.R
F region, ionosphere, 94.20.J
Frenkel defects, 61.72.J
Frenkel excitons, 71.35.A
Frequency, measurement of, 06.30.F
Frequency conversion (nonlinear optics), 42.65.K
Frequency convertors, optical, 42.79.N
Frequency standards, 06.20.F
astronomical instrumentation, 95.55.S
Fresnel zone plates, 42.79.C
Friction
atomic scale, 68.35.A
internal, 62.40
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
materials treatment effects, 81.40.P
structural mechanics, 46.55
Friction force microscopy, 07.79.S
Fröhlich polarons, 71.38.F
Fuel
for fission reactors, 28.41.B
for fusion reactors, 28.52.C
Fuel cells (energy conversion), 84.60.D
Fullerenes and related materials
absorption and reflection spectra, 78.40.R
electrical conductivity, 72.80.R
electronic structure, 71.20.T
fabrication, 81.05.T
infrared and Raman spectra, 78.30.N
structure, 61.48
superconductivity, 74.70.W
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.W
optical properties, 78.66.T
Functional analysis, 02.30.S
quantum mechanics, 03.65.D
Functional approximation, algorithms for, 02.60.G
Function generators, 84.30.N
Fundamental constants, 06.20.J
Furnaces, 07.20.H
Fuses, 84.32.V
Fusion
2H-induced, 25.45
heavy-ion induced, 25.70.J
inertial confinement
heavy-ion, 52.58.H
laser, 52.57
light-ion, 52.58.E
magnetic confinement, 52.55
reactions induced by unstable nuclei, 25.60.P
Fusion–fission reactions, 25.70.J
Fusion fuels, fast ignition of, 52.57.K
Fusion products effects, 52.55.P
Fusion reactors, 28.52
Fuzzy logic, 07.05.M

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G
Galactic center, 98.35.J
Galactic mass, 98.60.F
Galactic winds, 98.35.N, 98.62.N
Galaxies
active, 98.54
clusters of, 98.65.C
local group, 98.56
normal, 98.52
primordial, 98.54.K
properties of, 98.62
protogalaxies, 98.54.K
Galerkin method, 02.70.D
Galvanomagnetic effects
metals and alloys, 72.15.G
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Game theory, 02.50.L
Gamma-ray detectors, 07.85.F
superconducting, 85.25.O
Gamma-ray lasers, 42.55.V
Gamma rays
astronomical observations, 95.85.P
biological effects, 87.50.G
bursts, 98.70.R
in laser-plasma interactions, 52.38.P
in photochemistry, 82.50.K
radiation damage by, 61.80.E
Gamma-ray sources, 07.85
astronomical, 98.70.R
Gamma-ray spectroscopy
chemical analysis, 82.80.E
condensed matter, 76.80
instruments, 07.85.N
nuclear physics, 29.30.K
Gamma-ray telescopes, 95.55.K
Gamma transitions, 23.20.L
Garnet devices, 85.70.G
Garnets (ferrites), 75.50.G
Gas chromatography, 82.80.B
Gas dynamic traps, 52.55.J
Gases
interplanetary, 96.50.D
physical properties (see 51)
rarefied, dynamics of, 47.45
weakly ionized, electron scattering in, 34.80.M
Gas-filled counters, 29.40.C
Gas lasers, 42.55.L
Gas–liquid interfaces, 68.03
Gas sensors, 07.07.D
Gas–surface interactions, 34.50.D
Gauge bosons, 14.70
Gauge field theories, 11.15
Gauge sector extensions (electroweak interactions), 12.60.C
Gels, 82.70.G
reactions in, 82.33.L
rheological properties, 83.80.K
Genealogical trees (complex systems), 89.75.H
General physics, 01.55
General relativity. See 04
Generators
magnetohydrodynamic, 52.75.F
nuclear reactors, 28.50.M
pulse, 84.30.N
Geochemical cycles, 91.65.B
Geochemistry
isotopic composition, 91.65.D
low-temperature, 91.65.F
major element composition, 91.65.V
organic, 91.65.H
trace elements, 91.65.N
Geochronology, 91.35.N
Geodesy, 91.10
Geodetic reference systems, 91.10.W
Geoelectricity, 91.25.Q
Geographical regions, 93.30
Geological materials
physical properties, 91.60
rheology, 83.80.N
Geological time, 91.70
Geology, 91.65
Geomagnetic field, 91.25
Geometrical methods (classical mechanics), 45.10.N
Geometrical optics, 42.15
Geometric inequalities, 02.40.F
Geometric mechanics, 02.40.Y
Geometric phases, 03.65.V
Geometry
algebraic, 02.10
differential, 02.40.H, M
Euclidean and projective, 02.40.D
noncommutative, 02.40.G
Riemannian, 02.40.K
Geophysical instrumentation, 93.85
Geophysical prospecting (acoustical methods), *43.40.P
Geophysics. See 91
Geothermal power, 89.30.E
Geothermy, 91.35.D
Germanium, doping and ion implantation of, 61.72.T
Gettering effect
crystals, 61.72.Y
surface treatments, 81.65.T
g factor, 32.10.F, 33.15.P, 71.18
GHZ states, 03.65.U
Giant magnetoresistance, 75.70.P
magnetic memory, 85.75.B
Giant resonances (nuclear reactions), 24.30.C
Giant stars, 97.20.L
Ginzburg–Landau theory, 74.20.D
Glaciers, 92.40.V
Glass-based composites, 81.05.P
Glasses
electrical conductivity, 72.80.N
electronic structure, 71.23.C
fabrication, 81.05.K
magnetic, 75.50.K
optical materials, 42.70.C
rheology, 83.80.A
structure, 61.43.F
thermal properties, 65.60
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.J
optical properties, 78.66.J
Glass transitions, 64.70.P
Glauber model, 24.10.H
Glauber scattering, 11.80.L
Global analysis, 02.40.V
Global change, 92.70
Globular clusters, 98.20.G
Glow discharge, 52.80.H
Gluons, 14.70.D
in nuclei, 24.85
Gradient-index (GRIN) devices, 42.79.R
fiber-optical, 42.81.H
Grain boundaries, 61.72.M
Grand unified theories, 12.10.D
Granular flow, 45.70.M
Granular materials
fabrication, 81.05.R
rheology, 83.80.F
superconductivity, 74.80.B
Granular systems, 45.70
Graphite, 81.05.U
Graph theory, 02.10
Grasers, 42.55.V
Gratings
holographic, 42.40.E
in nonlinear optics, 42.65.H
optical elements, 42.79.D
Gravimeters, 04.80.N
Gravitation
astrophysics, 95.30.S
general theory (see 04)
Gravitational constant, 04.80, 06.20.J, 95.30.F
Gravitational lenses, 95.30.S, 98.62.S
Gravitational waves
astronomical observations, 95.85.S
detectors, 04.80.N, 95.55.Y
theory, 04.30
Gravity
Earth, 91.10
experimental test of gravitational theories, 04.80.C
Moon, 96.20.J
in more than four dimensions, 04.50
planets, 96.35.F
plate tectonics, 91.45.S
quantum, 04.60
self-gravitating systems, 04.40
supergravity, 04.65
Gravity waves
aeronomy, 94.10.J
meteorology, 92.60.D
Greenhouse effect, 92.70
Greenland, 93.30.K
GRIN devices, 42.79.R, 42.81.H
Groundwater, 92.40.K
Group theory
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.H
mathematics, 02.20
nuclear physics, 21.60.F
quantum mechanics, 03.65.F
Gunn effect devices, 85.30.F
Gyrofluid and gyrokinetic plasma simulations, 52.65.T
Gyrokinetics, in plasmas, 52.30.G
Gyros, fiber-optical, 42.81.P
Gyroscope motion, 45.40.C
Gyrotrons, 84.40.I

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H
Hadronic decays
baryons, 13.30.E
mesons, 13.25
Hadron mass models, 12.40.Y
Hadrons
interactions induced by
high and super-high energy, 13.85
low and intermediate energy, 13.75
mass models, 12.40.Y
neutrino interactions with, 13.15
nuclear forces, 21.30.F
photon and charged-lepton interactions with, 13.60
production by electron–positron collisions, 13.65
properties
baryons, 14.20
mesons, 14.40
Haemodynamics, 87.19.U
Haemorheology, 83.80.L
Hall effect
quantum, 73.43
semiconductors, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Hall effect devices, 85.30.F
hybrid, 85.75.N
Hamiltonian mechanics, 45.20.J
Handbooks, 01.30.K
Hardening, 81.40.C, E
Hardness
solids, 62.20.Q, 81.40.N
structural mechanics, 46.55
Harmonic generation (nonlinear optics), 42.65.K
Harmonic oscillators, 03.65.G
Hartree–Fock approximation
electronic structure of atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
electronic structure of solids, 71.15.A
nuclear-structure models, 21.60.J
Hawking effects, 04.60
Hearing, 43.66
information processing in, 87.19.D
Hearing aids, *43.66.T
Heat capacity
amorphous solids and glasses, 65.60
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.F
crystalline solids, 65.40.B
liquids, 65.20
at magnetic  critical points, 75.40.C
nanocrystals, 65.80
nanotubes, 65.80
small particles, 65.80
Heat conduction, 44.10
Heat engines, 07.20.P
Heaters, 07.20.H
Heat pumps, 07.20.P
Heat transfer
analytical and numerical techniques, 44.05
boundary layer, 44.20
channel and internal, 44.15
convective, 44.25, 44.27
Earth's interior, 91.35.D
inhomogeneous and porous media, 44.30
multiphase systems, 44.35
phenomenology, 44.10
porous media, 44.30
pulse propagation in solids, 66.70
radiative, 44.40
turbulent flows, 47.27.T
Heat treatments, effects on microstructure, 81.40.G
Heavy-fermion solids
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electron states, 71.27
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.M
superconductivity, 74.70.T
Heavy-ion nuclear reactions
low and intermediate energy, 25.70
relativistic, 25.75
Heavy-ion spectroscopy, 29.30
Heavy-particle decay, 23.70
Heavy-particle dosimetry, 87.53.P, Q
Heavy quark theory, 12.39.H
Heisenberg model, 75.10.J
Heliacs, 52.55.H
Helicity amplitudes, 11.80.C
Helicity injection (magnetic confinement), 52.55.W
Helicons
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
Helioseismology, 96.60.L
Helium
liquid mixtures, 67.60
solid, 67.80
spin-polarized, 67.65
Helium-3
normal phase, 67.55
nuclear reactions, induced by, 25.55
superfluid phase, 67.57
Helium-4
normal phase, 67.20
nuclear reactions, induced by, 25.55
superfluid phase, 67.40
Herbig–Haro objects, 97.21
Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams, 97.10.Z
Heterodyne receivers (astronomy), 95.55.J
Heterostructures
electrical properties, 73.40
electron states, 73.21
magnetic properties, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.66
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.J
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65
superconductivity, 74.80.D
H I and H II regions
external galaxies, 98.58.G, H
Milky Way, 98.38.G, H
Higgs bosons
non-standard model, 14.80.C
standard model, 14.80.B
Higgs sector extensions, 12.60.F
High-coercivity materials, 75.50.V
High-current technology, 84.70
High-energy physics. See 10...20
High-energy reactions, hadron-induced, 13.85
High-field effects, 72.20.H, 73.50.F
High-frequency confinenent, 52.58.Q
High-frequency discharges, 52.80.P
High-frequency effects
bulk matter, 72.30
thin films, 73.50.M
High-pressure effects
mechanical properties of solids, 62.50
structural properties of materials, 81.40.V
High pressure production and techniques, 07.35
High-speed techniques, 06.60.J
High-Tc superconductors
critical currents, 74.60.J
devices, 85.25
films, 74.76.B
flux pinning, 74.60.G
general properties, 74.25
materials, 74.70, 74.72
spatially inhomogeneous structures, 74.80
theory, 74.20
transition temperature, 74.10, 74.62
High-temperature techniques and instrumentation, 07.20.K
High-voltage diodes, 52.59.M
High-voltage technology, 84.70
H I shells, 98.58.N
Histones, 87.16.S
Historical notes, 01.60
History of science, 01.65
Hole burning
atomic spectra, 32.30
condensed matter, 78.40
molecular spectra, 33.20
Holograms
computer generated, 42.40.J
volume, 42.40.P
Holographic optical elements, 42.40.E
Holography
acoustical, *43.35.S, *43.60.S
electron, 61.14.N
optical, 42.40
recording materials, 42.70.L
Hopping transport, 72.20.E
Hot atom reactions, 82.30.C
Hot carriers, 72.20.H, 73.50.F
Hot working, 81.40.G
Hubbard model
electronic structure, 71.10.F
magnetic ordering, 75.10.J
superconductivity, 74.20
Hubble constant, 98.80.E
Hubble Space Telescope, 95.55.F
Hückel calculations (molecular structure), 31.15.C
Humidity, 92.60.J
Hybrid integrated circuits
electronic, 85.40.X
optical, 42.82.F
Hybrid methods in plasma simulation, 52.65.W
Hydraulic machinery, 47.85.K
Hydraulics, 47.85.D
Hydrodynamic instability
fluid dynamics, 47.20
laser inertial confiement, 52.57.F
Hydrodynamic models, nuclear reactions, 24.10.N
Hydrodynamics
applied fluid mechanics, 47.85.D
astrophysical applications, 95.30.L
helium-3
normal phase, 67.55.F
superfluid phase, 67.57.D
helium-4
superfluid phase, 67.40.H
superfluidity, 47.37
Hydrodynamic waves, 47.35
Hydroelasticity, 46.40.J
Hydroelectric power, 89.30.E
Hydrogen
21-cm lines
external galaxies, 98.58.G
Milky Way, 98.38.G
spin-polarized, 67.65
Hydrogen bonding
chemical reactions, 82.30.R
molecules, 33.15.F
Hydrography, 92.10.Y
Hydrology, 92.40
Hydromagnetic plasma instability, 52.35.P
Hydrophilic effects, 82.70.U
chemical reactions, 82.30.R
Hydrophones, *43.38.P
Hydrosphere, 92
Hydrostatics, 47.85.D
Hydrothermal power, 89.30.E
Hygrometry, 07.07.V
Hyperfine interactions, 31.30.G
Hyperfine structure
atoms, 32.10.F
molecules, 33.15.P
Hypernuclei, 21.80
Hyperonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.G
Hyperon-induced reactions, 25.80.P
Hyperon–nucleon reactions, 13.75.E
Hyperons, 14.20.J
Hypersonic flows, 47.40.K
Hyperspherical methods (atomic physics), 31.15.J
Hyperthermia, 87.54.B
Hysteresis
ferroelectricity, 77.80.D
magnetism, 75.60

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I
Ice
hydrology, 92.60.S
rheology, 83.80.N
sea, 92.10.R
ICR plasma heating, 52.50.Q
Image convertors, 42.79.L
Image forming, 42.30.V
atmospheric optics, 42.68.S
Image intensifiers, 42.79.L
Image processing
algorithms, 07.05.P
in astronomy, 95.75.M
in medicine, 87.57
in optics, 42.30
Image reconstruction
medical imaging, 87.57.G
optics, 42.30.W
Imaging detectors
in astronomy, 95.55.A
optical devices, 42.79.P
Impact ionization (conductivity)
semiconductors and insulators, 72.20.H
thin films, 73.50.F
Impedance
acoustic, *43.20.R, *43.25.S
measurement of, *43.58.B
electrical, 84.37
Implosions, inertial confinement, 52.57.F
Impurities
absorption spectra, 78.40
in crystals, 61.72.S
diffusion, 66.30.J
effects on superconductivity, 74.62.D
electron states, 71.55
surfaces and interfaces, 73.20.H
EPR spectra, 76.30
in helium
normal phase of helium?, 67.55.L
solid, 67.80.M
superfluid helium?, 67.57.P
superfluid helium?, 67.40.Y
implantation, 61.72.T, V, W
magnetic, 75.30.H
in plasma, 52.25.V
in solid surfaces and solid–solid interfaces, 68.35.D
in thin films, 68.55.L
In-beam spectroscopy (nuclear physics). See 23
Inclusions, 61.72.Q
Incommensurate solids, 61.44.F
Indian Ocean, 93.30.N
INDO calculations, 31.15.C
Inductance measurement, 84.37
Inductors, 84.32.H
Industrial laser applications, 42.62.C
Industrial research and development, 89.20.B
Inelastic scattering
atoms and molecules, 34.50
deuteron-induced reactions, 25.45.D
hadron-induced reactions, 13.85
lepton-induced reactions, 25.30
meson-induced reactions, 25.80.E
nucleon-induced reactions, 25.40.F
triton-, 3He-, and 4He-induced reactions, 25.55.C
Inertial confinement
heavy-ion, 52.58.H
laser, 52.57
light-ion, 52.58.E
Inference methods, 02.50.T
Inflationary universe, 98.80.C
Information science, 89.70
Infrared detectors, 07.57.K
astronomy instrumentation, 95.55.A
optoelectronic, 85.60.G
superconducting, 85.25.P
Infrared excess (extrasolar planets), 97.82.J
Infrared optical materials, 42.70.K
Infrared radiation
astronomical observations, 95.85
biological effects, 87.50.H
in biological techniques, 87.64.C
galactic and extragalactic, 98.70.L
interstellar, 98.38.J, 98.58.J
in photochemistry, 82.50.B
in plasma, 52.25.O
sources, 42.72.A
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Infrared sources, 07.57.H
Infrared spectra
atoms, 32.30.B
condensed matter, 78.30
macro- and polymer molecules, 36.20.N
molecules, 33.20.E
Infrared spectrometers, 07.57.T
Infrared spectroscopy
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.J
chemical analysis, 82.80.G
Infrasound, *43.28.D
Initial value problem, 04.20.E
Injection lasers, 42.55.P
Injection molding, 83.50.U
Inner-shell ionization, 32.80.H
Inorganic compounds
band structure, 71.20.P
crystal structure, 61.66.F
Institutes, 01.10.F
Instruments
acoustical, 43.58
for aeronomy and magnetospheric physics, 94.80
for astronomy, 95.55
for atomic and molecular physics (see 39)
for biophysics, 87.80
common to several branches of physics and astronomy (see 07)
for elementary particle and nuclear physics (see 29)
environmental effects on, 07.89
for environmental pollution measurements, 07.88
for fluid dynamics, 47.80
for geophysics, 93.85
musical, 43.75
for plasma diagnostics, 52.70
spaceborne and space research, 07.87
Insulator–metal transitions, 71.30
Insulators
absorption spectra, 78.40.H
band structure, 71.20.P
conductivity, 72.20
specific insulators, 72.80.S
dielectric devices, 85.50
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.B
radiation effects, 61.82.M
thin films (conductivity), 73.61.N
Insulator–superconductor transitions, 74.20.M
Integrable systems, 02.30.I
Integral equations, 02.30.R
Integral transforms, 02.30.U
Integrated circuits, 85.40
superconducting, 85.25.N
Integrated optics, 42.82
Integrative biology, 87.80.V
Integrodifferential equations, 02.60.N
Intense beams, in plasmas, 52.35
Intense particle beams sources, 52.59
Intense radiation sources, 52.59
Interatomic distances and angles, 33.15.D
Interatomic potentials and forces, 34.20.C
Intercalation compounds, 71.20.T
Interconnects
electrical, 84.32.D
integrated electronics, 85.40.L
integrated optics, 42.82.D
optical, 42.79.T
Interdiffusion, chemical, 66.30.N
Interfaces
biological, 87.68
electronic transport, 73.40
electron states, 73.20
fluid–fluid, 68.03
magnetic properties, 75.70.C
microscopy, 68.37
solid–solid, 68.35
spin polarized transport, 72.25.M
structure and roughness, 68.35.C
thermodynamic properties, 05.70.N, 68.35.M
Interfacial flows, 83.50.L
Interfacial tension, 68.03.C
Interference, optical, 42.25.H
Interferometers, 07.60.L
Interferometry
in astronomy, 95.55.B, 95.75.K
atomic, 03.75.D
holographic, 42.40.K
neutron, 03.75.D
phase-shifting, 42.87.B
Intergalactic matter, 98.62.R
Intermediate bosons, decays of, 13.38
Intermediate-valence solids
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electron states, 71.28
magnetic ordering, 75.30.M
Intermetallic compounds, electronic structure of, 71.20.L
Intermolecular potentials and forces, 34.20.G
Internal conversion, nuclei, 23.20.N
Internal friction
evidence of dislocations, 61.72.H
mechanical properties of solids, 62.40
International laboratory facilities, 01.52
International programs, geophysics, 93.55
Internet, 89.20.H
Interplanetary matter, 96.50.D
Interpolation methods, 02.60.E
Interstellar matter
external galaxies, 98.58
Milky Way, 98.38
Interstitials, 61.72.J
Intracluster matter (galaxy clusters), 98.65.H
Intramolecular dynamics, 34.30
Inverse photoemission spectroscopy, 78.70
Inverse problems, 02.30.Z
acoustical, *43.60.P
Inversion layers, 73.20, 73.40
Inviscid flows, 47.15.K
Inviscid instability, 47.20.C
Ion-acoustic waves (plasma), 52.35.F, Q
Ion beam-assisted deposition, 81.15.J
Ion beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Ion beam lithography, 85.40.H
Ion beams
negative, 41.75.C
positive, 41.75.A
Ion channeling
cells, biological, 87.16.U
crystals, 61.85
Ion-cyclotron resonance plasma heating, 52.50.Q
Ion-cyclotron waves (plasma), 52.35.H, Q
Ion emission, secondary, 79.20.R
Ion exchange
biological systems, 82.39.W
chromatography, 82.80.B
resins, 83.80
Ionic conduction
liquids, 66.10.E
nonmetals, 66.30.H
solids, 66.30.D
Ionic interactions, atmospheric, 92.60.L
Ion implantation
germanium and silicon, 61.72.T
III–V and II–VI semiconductors, 61.72.V
plasma-based, 52.77.D
thin films, 68.55.L
VLSI technology, 85.40.R
Ionization
atoms
by atom, molecule, and ion impact, 34.50.F
by electron impact, 34.80.D
field, 79.70
molecules
by atom, molecule, and ion impact, 34.50.G
by electron impact, 34.80.G
photochemistry, 82.50
plasma, 52.25.J
Ionization chambers, 29.40.C
Ionization dosimetry, 87.66.J
Ionization potentials
atoms, 32.10.H
molecules, 33.15.R
Ionized cluster beam deposition, 81.15.J
Ionizing radiations, biological effects of, 87.50.G
Ion microscopes, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.V
Ion–molecule collisions, 34.50
Ion–molecule reactions, 82.30.F
Ionoluminescence, 78.60.H
Ion optics, 41.85
Ionosphere
Earth, 94.20
instrumentation for, 94.80
planets, 96.35.K
polar cap, 94.20.K
Ion plating, 81.15.J
Ion propulsion, 52.75.D
Ion rings, 52.55.L
Ions
atomic
electronic structure (see 31)
atomic, properties of, 32.10
molecular
electronic structure (see 31)
properties of, 33.15
photodetachment, 32.80.G
photoionization, 32.80.F
surface neutralization, 34.50.D
Ion scattering, 34.50
structure determination, 61.18.B
from surfaces, 34.50.D, 68.49.S
Ion sources, 07.77.K
in nuclear physics, 29.25.L, N
Ion spectrometers, 07.81
Ion–surface impact, 34.50.D, 79.20.R
Ion traps, 32.80.P, 33.80.P, 39.10, 42.50.V
Iron and its alloys, ferromagnetism of, 75.50.B
Irradiation effects
biological, 87.50
on instruments, 07.89
on optical devices, 42.88
in solids, 61.80
Irreversible thermodynamics, 05.70.L
Ising model
lattice theory, 05.50
magnetic ordering, 75.10.H
Islands, geographical regions, 93.30.K
Island structure, thin films, 68.55.A
Isobaric analog resonances, 24.30.G
Isobaric spin, 21.10.H
Isomerism
biomolecules, 87.15.B
macromolecules and polymer molecules, 36.20.E
rotational, 33.15.H
Isomerization reactions, 82.30.Q
Isostasy
crustal movements, 91.45.P
relations to gravity observations, 91.45.S
Isotope effects
atoms and molecules, 31.30.G
chemical reactions, 82.20.T
Isotopes, 32.10.B
abundances and evolution, 98.80.F
radioactive, sources of, 29.25.R
separation and enrichment, 28.60

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J
Jahn–Teller effect
atoms and molecules, 31.30
condensed matter, 71.70.E
Jets
galactic, 98.62.N
interstellar matter, 98.38.F, 98.58.F
in large-Q2 scattering, 13.87
oceanic, 92.10.T
turbulent flows, 47.27.W
Joining, 81.20.V
Josephson devices, 85.25.C
Josephson effects, 74.50
Joule–Thomson effect, 51.30
Jovian satellites, 96.30.K
Junction breakdown devices, 85.30.M
Junction diodes, 85.30.K
Jupiter, 96.30.K

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K
Kaluza–Klein theory, 04.50
Kaon–baryon interactions, 13.75.J
Kaon decays
hadronic, 13.25.E
leptonic and semileptonic, 13.20.E
Kaon-induced reactions and scattering, 25.80.N
Kapitza resistance, 67.40.P
KDP crystals, 77.84.F
Kerr effect, 33.55.F, 78.20.J
Kinematics
of deformation and flow, 83.10.B
of particles, 45.50, 83.10.P
of rigid bodies, 45.40
Kinetic modes (magnetic confinement), 52.55.T
Kinetic theory
gases, 51.10
plasma, 52.25.D
statistical mechanics, 05.20.D
Klystrons, 84.40.F
Knight shift, 76.60.C
Knot theory, 02.10.K
Knudsen flow, 47.45
Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, 12.15.H
Kondo effect
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.H
electronic conduction in metals and alloys, 72.15.Q
electronic transport, theory of, 72.10.F
Kondo lattice, 75.30.M
Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
liquid crystals, 64.70.M
magnetic systems, 75.30.K
Kronig–Penney model, 71.15.A
Kuiper belt, 96.50.J

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L
Labeling (nuclear medicine), 87.58.J
Laboratory
computer use in, 01.50.L
course design, 01.50.Q
demonstration experiments, 01.50.P
procedures, 06.60
Laboratory facilities, national and international, 01.52
Laboratory studies of space- and
astrophysical-plasma processes, 52.72
Lagrangian mechanics, 45.20.J
Lagrangians
chiral (quark models), 12.39.F
field theory, 11.10.E
general relativity, 04.20.F
Lamallipods, 87.16.Q
Lamellae, 82.70.U
Laminar flows, 47.15, 83.50
Laminar to turbulent transition, 47.15.F, 47.27.C
Landau levels, 71.70.D
Langevin method, 05.10.G
Langmuir–Blodgett films
deposition, 81.15.L
on liquid, 68.18
on solids, 68.47.P
Lanthanum-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.D
Laplace equation, 41.20.C
Laser ablation
plasma, 52.38.P
solids, 79.20.D
Laser beam annealing, 61.80.B
Laser beam machining, 42.62.C
Laser deposition
nanofabrication, 81.16.M
thin films, 81.15.F
Laser diodes, 42.55.P
Laser Doppler velocimeters, 42.79.Q
Laser-driven acceleration, 41.75.J
Laser imaging, medical, 42.62.B, 87.63.L
Laser inertial confinement, 52.57
Laser materials, 42.70.H
Laser-modified scattering
of atoms and molecules, 34.50.R
of electrons, 34.80.Q
Laser operation
continuous, 42.60.P
long-pulse, 42.60.R
Laser-plasma interactions, 52.38
Laser-produced plasma, 52.50.J
Laser radiation
biological effects, 87.50.H
characteristics, 42.60.J
impact phenomena, 79.20.D
propagation (atmospheric optics), 42.68
surface irradiation effects, 61.80.B
Laser range finders, 06.30.G, 42.79.Q
Lasers
applications of, 42.62
general theory of, 42.55.A
optical systems, 42.60
types of, 42.55
Laser spectroscopy, 42.62.F
condensed matter, 78.47
Laser targets, 52.57.B
Laser velocimeters, 06.30.G, 42.79.Q
Latent heat, 05.70.C, 65.40.G
Latex rubber, 83.80.V
Lattice dynamics
crystals (see 63)
solid helium, 67.80.C
Lattice fermion models, 71.10.F
Lattice gauge theory, 11.15.H
Lattice QCD calculations, 12.38.G
Lattice theory and statistics, 05.50
Lava, 91.40.H
Laves phases (superconductivity), 74.70.A
Leak detectors (vacuum technology), 07.30.H
Least square approximation, 02.60.E
Lectures
announcements, 01.10.F
publications, 01.30.B
LEED, 61.14.H
Length measurement, 06.30.B
Lenses
acoustical, *43.58.L
design, 42.15.E
electrostatic, 41.85.N
gravitational, 95.30.S
optical, 42.79.B
Lepton number, 11.30.F
Leptons
beta decay, 23.40
decays, 13.35
in decays
of baryons, 13.30.C
of mesons, 13.20
interactions with hadrons, 13.60
masses and mixing, 12.15.F
nuclear reactions, 25.30
production in hadronic interactions, 13.85.Q
properties, 14.60
weak and electromagnetic interactions, 13.10
Level crossing
atoms, 32.80.B
molecules, 33.80.B
Level splitting
atoms, 32.60
molecules, 33.55.B
solids, 71.70
Levitation, acoustic, *43.25.U
Levitation devices, magnetic, 85.70.R
superconducting, 85.25.L
Levy flights, 05.40.F
LIDAR, 42.68.W, 42.79.Q
Lie algebra, 02.20.S
Lie groups, 02.20.T
Lifetimes
atomic spectra, 32.70.C
molecular spectra, 33.70.C
nuclear energy levels, 21.10.T
Ligand fields, 71.70.C
Light
biological effects, 87.50.H
interaction with matter, 42.50.C
mechanical effects on atoms and molecules, 32.80.L, 42.50.V
underwater, 92.10.P
zodiacal, 96.50.D
Light absorption and transmission, 42.25.B
effects of atomic coherence on, 42.50.G
Light-emitting diodes, 85.60.J
Lightning, 52.80.M
Light pressure, 42.50.V
Light scattering
atmospheric optics, 42.68.M, 94.10.G
condensed matter, 78.35
plasma, 52.25.O
wave optics, 42.25.F
Light-sensitive materials, 42.70.G
Light sources, 42.72
Limiters, electronic, 84.30.Q
Limnology, 92.40.N
Linear accelerators, 29.17
Linear energy transfer (medical physics), 87.52.D, G, L
Line shape and width, 32.70.J, 33.70.J
Lipids, 87.14.C
Liquid crystals
anchoring, 61.30.H
defects, 61.30.J
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
displays, 42.79.K
microconfined, 61.30.P
optical devices, 42.79.K
optical materials, 42.70.D
orientation, 61.30.G
phase transitions, 64.70.M
polymer, 61.30.V
polymer dispersed, 61.30.P
rheology, 83.80.X
structure, 61.30.C, E
Liquid–glass transitions, 64.70.P
Liquid helium. see 67
Liquid–liquid interfaces, 68.05
Liquid–liquid transitions, 64.70.J
Liquid metals and alloys
electrical and thermal conduction, 72.15.C
electronic structure, 71.22
structure, 61.25.M
Liquid-phase epitaxy, 81.15.L
Liquids
acoustical properties, 62.60
associated, 61.20.Q
dielectric properties, 77.84.N
diffusion in, 66.10.C
electric discharge in, 52.80.W
heat capacities, 65.20
infrared spectra, 78.30.C
ionic conduction in, 66.10.E
magnetic, 75.50.M
mechanical properties, 62.10
molecular, 61.25.E
noble gas, 61.25.B
osmosis, 66.10.C
photoluminescence, 78.55.B
pressure effects, 62.50
Raman spectra, 78.30.C
structure, 61.20, 61.25
thermal conduction, 66.60
ultraviolet spectra, 78.40.D
visible spectra, 78.40.D
Liquid semiconductors
conductivity, 72.80.P
electron density of states, 71.22
Liquid–solid interfaces, 68.08
Liquid–solid transitions, 64.70.D
Liquid thin films, 68.15
Liquid–vapor transitions, 64.70.F
Lithography
integrated electronics, 85.40.H
integrated optics, 42.82.C
nanolithography, 81.16.N
Lithosphere, rheology of, 91.10.R
Local-density approximation
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.E
condensed matter, 71.15.M
Local Group, 98.56
Localization
conductivity in metals and alloys, 72.15.R
disordered structures, 71.23, 71.55.J
lattice dynamics, 63.20.P
mobility edges, 72.20.E
sound sources, *43.66.Q
superconductivity, 74.40
surface and interface states, 73.20.F
weak, 72.15.R, 73.20.F
Locomotion
cells, 87.17.J
higher organisms, 87.19.S
Logic, mathematical, 02.10.A
Logic devices
optical, 42.79.T
superconducting, 85.25.H
Lorentz invariance, 11.30.C
Lorentz transformation, 03.30
Loudspeakers, *43.38.J
Low-dimensional structures
devices, 85.35.B
electrical properties, 73.61
electron states, 73.21.F, H, L
optical properties, 78.66
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.F, H, L
Low energy electron diffraction (LEED), 61.14.H
Low energy electron microscopy, 68.37.N
Low mass nuclear reactions, 25.10
Low temperature techniques, 07.20.M
LSI, 85.40
Lubrication
effects of materials treatment, 81.40.P
rheology, 83.50
Luminescence spectra
atoms, 32.50
biomolecules, 87.15.M
condensed matter, 78.60
molecules, 33.50
Luminosity
galaxies, 98.62.Q, 98.62.V
stars, 97.10.R, 97.10.X
Lunar probes, 95.55.P
Luttinger liquid, 71.10.P
superconductivity, 74.20.M
Lyman forest (quasars), 98.62.R
Lyotropic phases, 61.30.S

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M
Machining
materials, 81.20.W
workshop techniques, 06.60.V
Mach number, 47.40
Macromolecules
biological, 87.15
properties, 36.20
solutions, 61.25.H
Macroscopic quantum tunneling (magnetism), 74.75
Macrosonics, 43.25
Magellanic stream, 98.56.T
Magma (rheology), 83.80.N
Magnetic aftereffects, 75.60.L
Magnetic anisotropy, 75.30.G
Magnetic annealing, 75.60.N
Magnetic bubbles, 75.70.K
Magnetic circular dichroism
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.N
condensed matter, 78.20.L
molecules, 33.55.A
Magnetic confinement and equilibrium, 52.55
Magnetic cooling
cryogenics, 07.20.M
magnetocaloric effect, 75.30.S
Magnetic coordinate systems, 94.30.B
Magnetic cores, 85.70
Magnetic devices, 85.70
Magnetic domains, 75.60.C
films, 75.70.K
Magnetic fields
astronomical observations, 95.85.S
biological physics, 87.50.M
effects on material flow, 83.60.N
electromagnetism, 41.20
external galaxies, 98.62.E
generation of, 07.55.D
lunar, 96.20.J
magnetospheric, 94.30.M
measurement of, 07.55.G
Milky Way, 98.35.E
planetary, 96.35.P
solar, 96.60.H
solar wind, 96.50.B
stellar, 97.10.L
terrestrial, 91.25
Magnetic force microscopy, 68.37.R
instrumentation, 07.79.P
Magnetic heads, 85.70.K
Magnetic hysteresis, 76.60.E
Magnetic impurity interactions, 75.30.H
Magnetic induction, 41.20.G
Magnetic instruments, 07.55
Magnetic lenses, 41.85.L
Magnetic levitation devices, 85.70.R
superconducting, 85.25.L
Magnetic liquids, 75.50.M
Magnetic logic, reprogrammable, 85.75.F
Magnetic materials, 75.50
Magnetic memory
using giant magnetoresistance, 85.75.B
using magnetic tunnel junctions, 85.75.D
Magnetic mirrors, 52.55.J
Magnetic moments
atoms, 32.10.D
hadrons, 13.40.E
local, in compounds and alloys, 75.20.H
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
molecules, 33.15.K
Magnetic monopoles, 14.80.H
Magnetic multilayers, 75.70
Magnetic ordering, 75.10, 75.25
Magnetic permeability measurement, 07.55
Magnetic phase transitions, 75.30.K
Magnetic phenomena in gases, 51.60
Magnetic properties
clusters, 36.40.C
condensed matter (see 75)
gases, 51.60
materials treatment effects on, 81.40.R
nanostructures, 75.75
rocks and minerals, 91.60.P
solid helium, 67.80.J
superconductors, 74.25.H
Magnetic propulsion devices, 85.70.R
Magnetic reconnection in plasmas, 52.35.V
Magnetic recording devices, 85.70.K, L
sound recording, *43.38.Q
Magnetic recording materials, 75.50.S
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
condensed matter, 76.60.P
medical applications, 87.61
rheological applications, 83.85.F
Magnetic resonance (radiation measurement), 87.66.U
Magnetic resonance spectra
atoms, 32.30.D
condensed matter (see 76)
molecules, 33.25
Magnetic resonance spectrometers, 07.57.P
Magnetic semiconductors
conductivity, 72.20
magnetic properties, 75.50.P
Magnetic shielding, 41.20.G
in instruments, 07.55.N
Magnetic storms, 94.30.L
Magnetic susceptibility
magnetically ordered materials, 75.30.C
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
molecules, 33.15.K
Magnetic tail (magnetosphere), 94.30.E
Magnetic thin films
devices, 85.70.K
properties, 75.70
Magnetic traps, 52.55.J, 52.55.L
Magnetic variables measurement, 07.55
Magnetization
magnetic materials, 75.60.E
magnetometers for, 07.55.J
reversal, 75.60.J
superconductors, 74.25.H
Magnetized target fusion, 52.55.L
Magnetoacoustic devices, 85.70.E
Magnetoacoustic effects, *43.35.R
bulk matter, 72.55
thin films, 73.50.R
Magnetoactive discharges, 52.80.S
Magnetocaloric effect, 75.30.S
Magnetoelastic effects, 75.80
Magnetoelasticity, 46.25.H
Magnetoelectric devices, 85.80.J
Magnetoelectric effects, 75.80
Magnetoelectronic devices, 85.70.X
spin polarized transport, 85.75
Magnetoexcitons, 71.35.J
Magnetohydrodynamic energy conversion, 52.75.F, 84.60.L
Magnetohydrodynamics
in astrophysics, 95.30.Q
fluids, 47.65
plasma dynamics and flow, 52.30.C
plasma simulation, 52.65.K
Magnetomechanical effects, 75.80
Magnetometers, 07.55.G, J
superconducting, 85.25.D
Magnetooptical devices, 85.70.S
Magnetooptical effects, 78.20.L
Magnetopause, 94.30.D
Magnetoresistance
colossal, 75.30.V
giant, 75.70.P
magnetic memory, 85.75.B
metals and alloys, 72.15.G
quantum Hall effects, 73.43.Q
semiconductors, 72.20.M
thin films, 73.50.J
Magnetorheological fluids, 83.80.G
Magnetosheath, 94.30.V
Magnetosphere
Earth
configuration, 94.30.C
interactions with ionosphere, 94.20.Y
ring currents, 94.30.J
planetary, 96.35.K
Magnetostatic devices, 85.70.E
Magnetostatics, 41.20.G
Magnetostratigraphy, 91.25.P
Magnetostriction, 75.80
Magnetostrictive devices, 85.70.E
Magnetotelluric effects (geomagnetism), 91.25.Q
Magnetothermal devices, 85.80.L
Magnetrons, 84.40.F
Magnets, 07.55.D
for beam optics, 41.85.L
permanent, 75.50.W
superconducting, 85.25.L
Magnons, 75.30.D
photon–magnon interactions, 71.36
scattering by (electronic transport), 72.10.D
Majorana–Weyl fields, 04.50
Majorons, 14.80.M
Mammography, 87.59.E
Manifolds, 02.40.S, T
Manipulators, 06.60.S
Mantle, 91.35.G
rheology of, 91.10.R
Many-body theory
nuclear reactions, 24.10.C
relativistic scattering theory, 11.80.J
Many-electron systems, theories of, 71.10
Map lattices, coupled, 05.45.R
Marine geology, 91.50
Marine life, acoustical detection of, *43.30.S
Marine pollution, 92.20.N
Markov processes, 02.50.G
Mars, 96.30.G
Martensitic transformations, 81.30.K
Masers, 84.40.I
circumstellar, 97.10.F
interstellar
external galaxies, 98.58.E
Milky Way, 98.38.E
Masking
lithography, 42.82.C, 85.40
psychological acoustics, *43.66.D
Mass
galactic, 98.60.F, 98.62.V
measurement of, 06.30.D
nuclear, 21.10.D, G
planetary, 96.35.F
stellar, 97.10.N, 97.10.X
Mass differences, electromagnetic, 13.40.D
Mass ejection (corona), 96.60.W
Mass spectra, 32.10.B, 33.15.T
Mass spectrometers, 07.75
Mass spectrometry
Fourier transform, 82.80.N
ion cyclotron resonance, 82.80.Q
SIMS, 68.49.S, 82.80.M
time-of-flight, 82.80.R
Mass-to-light ratio (galaxies), 98.62.V
Material flow, 83.50
rock mechanics, 91.60.B
Materials, new: theory, design, and fabrication, 81.05.Z
Materials processing, 81.20
rheology, 83.50.U
Materials science. See 81
Materials synthesis, specific materials, 81.05
Materials testing and analysis, 81.70
Mathematical methods in physics. See 02
Matrix theory, 02.10.Y
Matter waves, 03.75
Mean free path, electron
bulk matter, 72.15.L
thin films, 73.50.G
Measurements common to several branches of physics and astronomy, 06.30
Measurement theory (quantum mechanics), 03.65.T
Measurement units and standards, 06.20.F
Mechanical alloying, 81.20.E
Mechanical contacts, 46.55
Mechanical effects of light, 42.50.V
Mechanical instability, 46.32
Mechanical instruments, 07.10
Mechanical properties
beams, plates, and shells, 46.70.D
biological tissues and organs, 87.19.R
biomolecules, 87.15.L
deformation and flow, 83.50
fluids, 47.17
gases, 51.35
liquids, 62.10
materials treatment effects, 81.40
solids, 62.20
solid surfaces and interfaces, 68.35.G
superconductors, 74.25.L
thin films, 68.60.B
Mechanical resonance, 62.40
Mechanical systems, control of, 45.80
Mechanical testing, 81.70.B
Mechanical variables measurement, 07.10
Mechanical vibrations, 46.40
Mechanical waves
resonance and damping, 46.40.F
wave propagation, 46.40.C
Mechanics
celestial, 45.50.P, 95.10.C
classical, 45
continuum, 46, 83.10.F
Lagrangian and Hamiltonian, 45.20.J
Newtonian, 45.20.D
quantum, 03.65
quantum statistical, 05.30
statistical, 05.20
structural, 46.70
Medical imaging
equipment, 87.62
general, 87.57
magnetic resonance, 87.61
non-ionizing radiation, 87.63
nuclear medicide, 87.58
techniques, 87.59
x-ray, 87.59
Medical physics. See 87
Meissner effect, 74.25.H
Melting, 64.70.D
Melts
crystal growth from, 81.10.F
film deposition from, 81.15.L
Melt-textured superconductors, 74.80.B
Membrane processes
biological, 87.15.K, 87.16.D
biological systems, 82.39.W
Membranes
structural acoustics, *43.40.D
structural mechanics of, 46.70.H
Memory devices
magnetic, 85.70, 85.75
optical, 42.79.V
superconducting, 85.25.H
Mercury-based high-Tc superconductors, 74.72.H
Mercury (planet), 96.30.D
Mergers (galaxies), 98.65.F
MESFET, 85.30.T
Mesonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.G
Meson–meson interactions, 13.75.L
Mesons
hadronic decays, 13.25
leptonic decays, 13.20
production by photons and leptons, 13.60.L
properties, 14.40
reactions and scattering induced by, 25.80
Mesophase rheology (liquid crystals), 83.80.X
Mesoscopic systems
electronic transport, 73.23, 73.63
electron states and collective excitations, 73.21
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65
Mesosphere, 94.10
Mesozoic period, 91.70.D
Metabolism, 87.58
Metal–based composites, 81.05.N
Metal–insulator–metal structures, 73.40.R
Metal–insulator–semiconductor structures, 73.40.Q
Metal–insulator transition, 71.30
Metallic glasses
electronic structure, 71.23.C
synthesis, 81.05.K
Metallization, integrated circuits, 85.40.L
Metallurgy. See 81
Metal–metal contacts, 73.40.J
Metal–nonmetal contacts, 73.40.N
Metals
amorphous (transport properties), 72.15.C
band structure, 71.20.B, D, E, G
diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 75.20.E
impurity and defect absorption, 78.40.K
impurity and defect levels, 71.55.A
infrared spectra, 78.30.E
liquid
electrical and thermal conduction, 72.15.C
electronic structure, 71.22
structure, 61.25.M
mass renormalization, 71.38.C
phase diagrams, 81.30.B
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.B
processing, 81.05.B
radiation effects, 61.82.B
Raman spectra, 78.30.E
self-diffusion in, 66.30.F
spin polarized transport, 72.25.B
structure
amorphous, 61.43.D
crystalline, 61.66.B
superconducting, 74.70.A
thin films
electrical conductivity, 73.61.A
optical properties, 78.66.B
transport processes, 72.15
visible and ultraviolet spectra, 78.40.K
Metal–semiconductor–metal structures, 73.40.S
Metal vapor lasers, 42.55.L
Metamagnetism, 75.30.K
Metastable phases, 64.60.M
Meteorites, 96.50.M
effects of cosmic rays on, 96.40.V
Meteorological factors
in acoustical noise propagation, *43.50.V
in atmospheric sound, *43.28.F
Meteorology, 92.60
Meteors, 96.50.K
Metrology, 06.20
laser applications, 42.62.E
MHD modes (magnetic confinement), 52.55.T
Micelles, 82.70.U
reactions in, 82.33.N
rheology of, 83.80.Q
Microcavity and microdisk lasers, 42.55.S
Microdosimetry, 87.53.R
Micro-electromechanical systems, 85.85
Microelectronics, 85.40
superconducting, 85.25.N
vacuum, 85.45
Microemulsions, interfacial properties of, 68.05.C
Microgels (rheology), 83.80.K
Microgravity environments
for crystal growth, 81.10.M
materials testing in, 81.70.H
Microlensing techniques (astronomy), 95.75.D
Micromachining
biology, 87.80.M
microelectronics, 85.40.H
Micromanipulators (biology), 87.80.F
Micromechanical devices, 07.10.C
Microparticles
magnetic materials, 75.50.T
optical properties, 78.66.V
Microphones, 43.58
Microscopy
acoustical, *43.35.S, *43.58.L
atomic force
in biophysics, 87.64.D
instrumentation, 07.79.L
structure determination, 68.37.P
electron
in biophysics, 87.64.E
dislocation observations, 61.72.F
instrumentation, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.E, H, L, N
field-ion and field emission
instrumentation, 07.78
structure determination, 68.37.V
friction force, 07.79.S
magnetic force
instrumentation, 07.79.P
structure determination, 68.37.R
optical
in biophysics, 87.64.R
conventional, 07.60.P
near-field scanning, 07.79.F
scanning tunneling
in biophysics, 87.64.D
instrumentation, 07.79.C
structure determination, 68.37.E
x-ray
instrumentation, 07.85.T
structure determination, 68.37.Y
Microstructure
crystals, 61.72
liquid crystals, 61.30.C
materials treatment effects, 81.40
solidification, 81.30
Microtubules, cellular, 87.16.K
Microwave circuits, 84.40.D
integrated, 84.40.L
Microwave optical double resonance spectroscopy, 33.40
Microwave radiation
biological effects, 87.50.J
interactions with condensed matter, 78.70.G
in plasma, 52.25.O
plasma heating by, 52.50.G
receivers and detectors, 07.57.K
sources, 07.57.H
therapy, 87.54
wave propagation, 41.20.J, 84.40
Microwave spectra
astronomical observations, 95.85.B
atoms, 32.30.B
molecules, 33.20.B
Microwave spectrometers, 07.57.P
Microwave spectroscopy (chemical analysis), 82.80.H
Microwave technology, 84.40
Microwave tubes, 84.40.F
Mie scattering, 42.25.F, 42.68.M
Military technology, 89.20.D
Milky Way, 98.35
solar neighborhood, 98.35.P
Millimeter wave technology, 84.40
Milling, 81.20.W
Mineralogy
geophysical aspects, 91.65
Moon, 96.20.D
Minerals
occurences and deposits, 91.65.R
physical properties, 91.60
Minisuperspace models, 04.60.K
Minor planets, 96.30.Y
Mirrors
magnetic (plasma), 52.55.J
optical, 42.79.B
design, 42.15.E
Mixed conductivity, 72.60
Mixed state (superconductivity), 74.60.E
Mixed-valence solids, 71.28, 75.20.H, 75.30.M
Mixers, electronic, 84.30.Q
Mixing
granular systems, 45.70.M
materials processing (rheology), 83.50.X
solutions, 64.75
Mixtures, 64.75
Mobility edges, 72.20.E
MOCVD, 81.15.G
Mode coupling, in plasmas, 52.35.M
Mode locking, 42.60.F
Moderators (nuclear reactors), 28.41.P
Modulation doped field effect transistors (MODFET)
Modulation transfer functions
atmospheric optics, 42.68
eye, 42.66
imaging and optical processing, 42.30.L
Modulators
electronic, 84.30.Q
lasers, 42.60.F
optical, 42.79.H
Moire patterns, 42.30.M
Moisture
atmosphere, 92.60.J
measurement of, 07.07.V
soil, 92.40.L
Molding, 81.20.H
Molecular beam epitaxy, 81.15.H
Molecular beams
chemical reactions, 34.50.L
interactions with solids, 79.20.R
sources and detectors, 07.77.G
structural irradiation effects, 61.80.L
Molecular biophysics, 87.15
Molecular clouds
in external galaxies, 98.58.D
in the Milky Way, 98.38.D
Molecular clusters, 36.40
Molecular collisions. see 34
Molecular conformation, 33.15.B
biomolecules, 87.15.H
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
Molecular dynamics
biomolecules, 87.15.H
correlation times, 33.15.V
macromolecules and polymers, 36.20.E
rheology, 83.10.M
computer simulation of, 83.10.R
Molecular dynamics calculations
atomic and molecular physics, 31.15.Q
condensed matter, 71.15.P
disordered solids, 61.43.B
liquid structure, 61.20.J
mathematical methods, 02.70.N
in plasmas, 52.65.Y
Molecular electronic devices, 85.65
Molecular flows, 47.45.D
Molecular interactions
biomolecules, 87.15.K
fundamentals of astrophysics, 95.30.F
Molecular liquids, structure of, 61.25.E
Molecular moments, 33.15.K
Molecular nanostructures, fabrication of, 81.07.N
Molecular-orbital methods
atoms and molecules, 31.15.N
solids, 71.15.A
Molecular physics. See 30
Molecular sieves, 82.75
Molecular solids, 31.70.K
Molecular spectra, 33.20
astrophysics, 95.30.K
Molecular structure, 33.15
Molecular weights (macromolecules and polymers), 36.20.C
Molecule manipulation
proteins and other biological molecules, 82.37.R
STM and AFM studies, 82.37.G
Molecule–molecule reactions, 82.30.C
Molecules
cooling and trapping of, 33.80.P
scattering, 34.50
from surfaces, 34.50.D, 68.49.D
Molten salts, structure of, 61.20.Q
Monochromators, charged-particle, 41.85.S
Monographs, 01.30.E
Monolayers, 68.18, 68.47.P
electrochemistry, 82.45.M
Monolytic integrated circuits, 85.40
Monopoles, magnetic, 14.80.H
Monte Carlo method
applications of, 02.50.U
disordered solids, 61.43.B
justification or modification of, 02.50.T
liquid structure, 61.20.J
nuclear-reaction models, 24.10.L
nuclear structure, 21.60.K
plasma simulation, 52.65
in probability theory and statistics, 02.50.N
quantum, 02.70.S
radiotherapy, 87.53.W
statistical physics and nonlinear dynamics, 05.10. L
Moon, 96.20
Morphogenesis, 87.18.L
Morphometry, 87.80.P
MOS devices, 85.30.T
MOSFET, 85.30.T
Mössbauer spectroscopy
in biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.P
in chemical analysis, 82.80.E
molecules, 33.45
solids, 76.80
structural analysis, 61.18.F
Motion (classical mechanics), 45.50.D
Motion sensors, 07.07.D
Motor proteins, 87.16.N
Motors, 84.50
MRI, 87.61
Multicomponent plasmas, 52.27.C
Multidimensional NMR, 82.56.F
Multilayers
electron states, 73.21.A
magnetic ordering, 75.70.C
optical properties, 78.66
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65.A
superconductivity, 74.80.D
Multinuclear NMR, 82.56.H
Multiphase flows, 47.55.K
Multiphoton ionization and excitation
atomic spectra, 32.80.R
molecular spectra, 33.80.R
quantum optics, 42.50.H
Multiphoton microscopy (biophysics), 87.64.V
Multiphoton processes, in photochemistry, 82.50.P
Multiple resonances (molecular spectroscopy), 33.40
Multiple scattering (relativistic theory), 11.80.L
Multiplexers, 42.79.S
Multivariate analysis, 02.50.S
Muon–hadron scattering, 13.60
Muonic atoms and molecules, 36.10.D
Muon-induced nuclear reactions, 25.30.M
Muonium, 36.10.D
chemical reactions, 82.20.T
Muon–lepton scattering, 13.10
Muons
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
capture by nuclei, 23.40
cosmic rays, 96.40.T
decays, 13.35.B
properties, 14.60.E
scattering, 25.30.M
Muon spin rotation and relaxation, 76.75
Muscles, 87.19.F
Music and musical instruments, 43.75
electronic, computer music, *43.75.W
wind instruments, *43.75.P, Q

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N
Nambu–Goldstone bosons, 14.80.M
Nanocontacts
electronic transport, 73.63.R
fabrication, 81.07.L
Nanocrystalline materials
diffusion, 66.30.P
electronic structure, 73.22
electronic transport, 73.63.B
fabrication, 81.07.B
magnetic, 75.50.T
mechanical properties, 62.25
optical properties, 78.67.B
phase transitions, 64.70.N
phonons or vibrational states, 63.22
radiation effects, 61.82.R
structure, 61.46
thermal properties, 65.80
Nanodiffraction, 61.14.L
Nano-electromechanical systems, 85.85
Nanoelectronic devices, 85.35
Nanofabrication, methods of, 81.16
Nanolithography, 81.16.N
Nanooxidation, 81.16.P
Nanoparticles
electronic structure, 73.22
optical properties, 78.67.B
phonons, 63.22
structure, 61.46
thermal properties, 65.80, 82.60.Q
Nanopowders, 81.07.W
Nanoscale pattern formation, 81.16.R
Nanoscale systems
electronic transport, 73.63
electron states, 73.21
fabrication, 81.07
femtochemistry, 82.53.M
magnetic properties, 75.75
optical properties, 78.67
photoemission and photoelectron spectra, 79.60.J
structure and nonelectronic properties, 68.65
Nanosecond techniques, 06.60.J
Nanostructures. See Nanoscale systems
Nanotechnology
methods of nanofabrication and processing, 81.16
nano-electromechanical systems, 85.85
nanoelectronic devices, 85.35
nanoscale materials and structures, 81.07
Nanotubes
devices, 85.35.K
electronic structure, 73.22
electronic transport, 73.63.F
fabrication, 81.07.D
optical properties, 78.67.C
structure, 61.46
thermal properties, 65.80
Narrow-band semiconductors (electron states), 71.28
National laboratory facilities, 01.52
Natural materials, rheology of, 83.80.M
(N,d) reactions, 25.40.H
Near-field scanning optical microscopy, 68.37.U
in biophysics, 87.64.X
instrumentation, 07.79.C
Nebulae
external galaxies, 98.58
Milky Way, 98.38
solar, 96.10
Negative-ion plasmas, 52.27.C
Negative resistance, 72.20.H, 73.50.F
Nematic liquid crystals
phase transitions, 64.70.M
rheology, 83.80.X
structure, 61.30
Neotectonics, 91.45.E
Neptune, 96.30.R
Nerve cells, 87.17.N
Neural engineering, 87.80.X
Neural networks, 84.35
cellular, 87.18.S
computers, 07.05.M
optical, 42.79.T
for speech recognition, *43.72.B
Neuroscience, 87.19.L
Neutral currents, 12.15.M
Neutrinos
astronomical observations, 95.85.R
cosmic rays
galactic, 98.70.S
Solar System, 96.40.T
decays, 13.35.H
interactions, 13.15
mass and mixing, 14.60.P
non-standard model, 14.60.S
nuclear scattering, 25.30.P
ordinary, 14.60.L
solar, 26.65, 96.60.J
Neutron diffraction, 61.12
biophysics and medical physics, 87.64.B
Neutron dosimetry, 87.53.P, Q
Neutron–hyperon interactions, 13.75.E
Neutron-induced fission, 25.85.E
Neutron interferometry, 03.75.D
Neutron–meson interactions, 13.75, 13.85
Neutron–neutron interactions, 13.75.C, 13.85
Neutron optics, 03.75.B
Neutron–pion interactions, 13.75.G, 13.85
Neutron–proton interactions, 13.75.C, 13.85
Neutron reflectometry, 61.12.H
Neutrons
absorption, 28.20.F
diffusion and moderation, 28.20.G
distribution in nuclei, 21.10.G
properties, 14.20.D
radiation damage by, 61.80.H
sources of, 29.25.D
Neutron scattering, 28.20.C
elastic, 25.40.D
inelastic
condensed matter, 78.70.N
nuclear reactions, 25.40.F
radiative capture, 25.40.L
spin arrangements determination, 75.25
structural analysis, 61.12
Neutron shielding
medical physics, 87.52.G
nuclear engineering, 28.20.F
Neutron spectroscopy, 29.30.H
Neutron stars, 97.60.J
nuclear matter aspects of, 26.60
Newtonian mechanics, 45.20.D
NEXAFS, 61.10.H
Nightglow, 94.10.R
Niobates
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
superconductors, 74.70.A
Nitrides
dielectric materials, 77.84.B
refractories, 81.05.J
superconductors, 74.70.A
NMR imaging, 76.60.P
Noise
acoustic, 43.50
underwater, *43.30.N
electrical circuits, 07.50.H
electronic
bulk matter, 72.70
thin films, 73.50.T
integrated circuits, 85.40.Q
lasers, 42.60.M
quantum, 42.50.L
statistical physics, 05.40.C
superconductivity fluctuations, 74.40
turbulence-generated, 47.27.S
Nondestructive testing
materials, 81.70
structural acoustics, *43.40.L
Nonequilibrium processes
chemical reaction kinetics, 82.40.B
fluid flows, 47.70
superconductivity, 74.40
thermodynamics, 05.70.L
Non-Fermi-liquid ground states, 71.10.H
Nonhomogeneous flows, 47.55
Nonlinear acoustics, 43.25
Nonlinear dynamics, 05.45
Nonlinear guided waves, 42.65.T
Nonlinear (nonlocal) field theory, 11.10.L
Nonlinear optical materials, 42.70.M, N
Nonlinear optics, 42.65
with polymers, 82.35.E
Nonlinear symmetries, 11.30.N
Nonlinear waveguides, 42.65.W
Nonneutral plasmas, 52.27.J
Non-Newtonian fluid flows, 47.50
Nonradiative transitions, 32.50.H, 33.50, 78.55
North America, 93.30.H
Novae, 97.30.Q, 97.80.G
evolution, nuclear physics aspects of, 26.50
nucleosynthesis in, 26.30
Nozzle flow, 47.60
(n,p) reactions, 25.40.K
(N,t), (N,3He), and (N,) reactions, 25.40.H
Nuclear astrophysics. See 26
Nuclear binding energy, 21.10.D
Nuclear charge, 21.10.F
Nuclear collective resonances, 24.30.C, G
Nuclear coulomb effects, 21.10.S
Nuclear data analysis, 29.85
Nuclear decay. See 23
Nuclear deformation, 21.10.G
Nuclear emulsions, 29.40.R
Nuclear energy levels, 21.10
Nuclear engineering. See 28
Nuclear explosions, 28.70
Nuclear fission, 24.75
reactions, 25.85
Nuclear fission power, 89.30.G
Nuclear forces, 21.30
Nuclear form factors, 13.40, 21.10.F, G
Nuclear fusion power, 89.30.J
Nuclear g-factors, 21.10.K
Nuclear giant resonances, 24.30.C
Nuclear hole states, 21.10.P
Nuclear instrumentation. See 29
Nuclear magnetic resonance
biophysics, 87.64.H
chemical physics, 82.56
condensed matter, 76.60
defect structure determinations, 61.72.H
molecules, 33.25
solid helium, 67.80.J
structural analysis, 61.18.F, 82.56.U
superconductors, 74.25.N
Nuclear mass, 21.10.D
Nuclear materials safety, 28.41.T
Nuclear matter, 21.65
Nuclear medicine, 87.58
Nuclear models, 21.60
Nuclear moments, 21.10.K
Nuclear orientation devices, 29.30.L
Nuclear Overhauser effect, 33.35
Nuclear parity, 21.10.H
Nuclear physics. See 20
Nuclear processes (astrophysics), 95.30.C
Nuclear properties, 21.10
specific nuclei (see 27)
Nuclear quadrupole resonance
condensed matter, 76.60.G
molecules, 33.25
Nuclear reactions. See 24 and 25
Nuclear reactors
fission type, 28.41, 28.50
fusion type, 28.52, 52.55
safety, 28.41.T, 28.52.N
Nuclear shell model, 21.60.C
Nuclear tests of fundamental interactions and symmetries, 24.80
Nucleation
chemical thermodynamics, 82.60.N
crystal growth, 81.10.A
phase transitions, 64.60.Q
thin films, 68.55.A
Nuclei. See 20
Nucleon decays, 13.30, 14.20.D
Nucleon–hyperon interactions, 13.75.E
Nucleon-induced reactions, 25.40
Nucleon–kaon interactions, 13, 75.J
Nucleon–meson interactions, 13.75.G, 13.85, J
Nucleon–nucleon interactions, 13.75.C, 13.85
Nucleon–pion interactions, 13.75.G, 13.85
Nucleons, 14.20.D
Nucleosynthesis
Big Bang, 26.35
cosmic rays, 26.40
cosmology, 98.80.F
stellar, 97.10.C
hydrostatic, 26.20
novae, supernovae, 26.30
Nucleus, compound
heavy-ion reactions, 25.70.G
nuclear reactions, 24.60.D
Number theory, 02.10.D
Numerical methods (mathematics), 02.60

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O
Obituaries, 01.60, *43.05.S
Observatories, 95.45
Occultations, 95.10.G
Ocean basin thermometry, *43.30.Q
Ocean biology, 92.20.J
Ocean bottom processes, 91.50.E
Ocean chemistry, 92.20.C
Ocean/Earth/atmosphere interaction, 91.10.V
Oceanic crust seismology, 91.30.Y
Oceanographic regions, 93.30
Oceanography, 92.10
acoustical methods in, *43.30.P
Oceans
fine structure and microstructure, 92.10.N
global changes, 92.70.J
thermohaline structure and circulation, 92.10.M
ODMR, 76.70.H
Ohmic contacts, 73.40.C
Omega mesons, 14.40.E
One-dimensional conductivity, 72.15.N
One-meson exchange models, 12.40.V
Oort cloud, 96.50.H
Opalescence, 78.20
Operational calculus, 02.30.V
Operator theory, 02.30.T
Ophthalmic optics, 42.66.C
Optical absorption
in atmosphere, 42.68.A, 94.10.G
in condensed matter, 78.20.C
in plasma, 52.25.O
wave propagation, 42.25.B
Optical activity
condensed matter, 78.20.E
molecules, 33.55.A
Optical beam splitters, 42.79.F
Optical bistability, 42.65.P
Optical coatings, 42.79.W
Optical collimators, 42.79.A
Optical communication systems, 42.79.S
Optical computers, 42.79.T
Optical constants, 78.20.C
Optical cooling and trapping
atoms, 32.80.P
molecules, 33.80.P
Optical correlation, 42.30
Optical correlators, 42.79.H
Optical couplers, 42.82.E
fiber-optical, 42.81.Q
non-fiber-optical, 42.79.G
Optical design, 42.15.E
Optical devices, 42.79
Optical disks, 42.79.V
Optical elements, 42.79
Optical fibers, 42.81
Optical filters, 42.79.C
Optical frequency converters, 42.79.N
Optical instabilities (quantum optics), 42.65.S
Optical instruments, 07.60
Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR), 76.70.H
Optical materials, 42.70
Optical methods in rheology, 83.85.E
Optical mixing, 42.65.H, K
Optical models (nuclear reactions), 24.10.H
Optical modulators, 42.79.H
Optical nutation, 42.50.M
Optical processors, 42.79.H